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Subchronic nandrolone administration reduces cardiac oxidative markers during restraint stress by modulating protein expression patterns

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Abstract

Nandrolone decanoate (ND), an anabolic–androgenic steroid prohibited in collegiate and professional sports, is associated with detrimental cardiovascular effects through redox-dependent mechanisms. We previously observed that high-dose short-term ND administration (15 mg/kg for 2 weeks) did not induce left heart ventricular hypertrophy and, paradoxically, improved postischemic response, whereas chronic ND treatment (5 mg/kg twice a week for 10 weeks) significantly reduced the cardioprotective effect of postconditioning, with an increase in infarct size and a decrease in cardiac performance. We wanted to determine whether short-term ND administration could affect the oxidative redox status in animals exposed to acute restraint stress. Our hypothesis was that, depending on treatment schedule, ND may have a double-edged sword effect. Measurement of malondialdehyde and 4-hydroxynonenal, two oxidative stress markers, in rat plasma and left heart ventricular tissue, revealed that the levels of both markers were increased in animals exposed to restraint stress, whereas no increase in marker levels was noted in animals pretreated with ND, indicating a possible protective action of ND against stress-induced oxidative damage. Furthermore, isolation and identification of proteins extracted from the left heart ventricular tissue samples of rats pretreated or not with ND and exposed to acute stress showed a prevalent expression of enzymes involved in amino acid synthesis and energy metabolism. Among other proteins, peroxiredoxin 6 and alpha B-crystallin, both involved in the oxidative stress response, were predominantly expressed in the left heart ventricular tissues of the ND-pretreated rats. In conclusion, ND seems to reduce oxidative stress by inducing the expression of antioxidant proteins in the hearts of restraint-stressed animals, thus contributing to amelioration of postischemic heart performance.

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Acknowledgements

The work was supported by the research grants from the University of Torino, Ministero dell’Istruzione, dell’ Università e della Ricerca (local University funds, 2012-2014) to S. R. and B. P. We thank F. Biasi for helpful discussions during the course of this work.

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  1. Barbara Pergolizzi and Vitina Carriero have equally contributed to this work.

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Cell Biology, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, Turin, Italy

    Barbara Pergolizzi & Enrico Bracco

  2. Pharmacology, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, Turin, Italy

    Vitina Carriero, Giuliana Abbadessa, Silvia De Francia & Silvia Racca

  3. Cardiovascular Physiology, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, Turin, Italy

    Claudia Penna

  4. Unit of Biostatistics, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, Turin, Italy

    Paola Berchialla

  5. Department of Oncology, University of Torino, Turin, Italy

    Enrico Bracco

  6. School of Medicine, Department of Clinical and Biological Sciences, University of Torino, A.O.U. S. Luigi Gonzaga, Regione Gonzole 10, 10043, Orbassano, Turin, Italy

    Silvia Racca

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  1. Barbara Pergolizzi
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Pergolizzi, B., Carriero, V., Abbadessa, G. et al. Subchronic nandrolone administration reduces cardiac oxidative markers during restraint stress by modulating protein expression patterns. Mol Cell Biochem 434, 51–60 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1007/s11010-017-3036-7

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