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Bioactive Compounds of Sea Anemones: A Review

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Abstract

Marine organisms and their associated microorganisms contain a wide range of novel bioactive natural compounds that are widely used in the field of anti-microbial, anti-tumor, and anti-cancer drug discovery research. Hence, much focus has been given to isolate the bioactive compounds from marine sources. Sea anemone, one such marine resource, is used in recent years to extract bioactive compounds. It belongs to the phylum Cnidaria. The distinguishing feature of cnidarians is nematocysts, specialized venomous organs that the animals use mainly for capturing prey and protecting themselves from predators. There are over one thousand species of sea anemone reported worldwide and of which 40 species belonging to 17 families are found in India. Out of 40 species, 24 are marine, 13 are estuarine and 3 are common to both habitats. We present an overview of some of the potential marine bioactive compounds from a curative point of view isolated from sea anemone. Among the Order Actiniaria, Family Actiniidae exhibits by far the highest number of species yielding promising compounds, followed by Family Stichodactylidae. Haemolytic activity has been the major area of interest in the screening of actinarian compounds.

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Acknowledgements

The authors are thankful to Dean and Director of Centre of Advance Study in Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Parangipettai and authority of Annamalai University for providing necessary facilities. The first author thanks the Department of Biotechnology (DBT), Govt. of India, New Delhi for providing financial support.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. PG & Research Department of Zoology, National College (Autonomous), Bharathidasan University, Trichy, Tamil Nadu, 620 001, India

    S. Thangaraj & V. Gokula

  2. CAS in Marine Biology, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Annamalai University, Parangipettai, Tamil Nadu, 608502, India

    S. Bragadeeswaran

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  1. S. Thangaraj
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  2. S. Bragadeeswaran
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  3. V. Gokula
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Correspondence to S. Thangaraj.

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Thangaraj, S., Bragadeeswaran, S. & Gokula, V. Bioactive Compounds of Sea Anemones: A Review. Int J Pept Res Ther 25, 1405–1416 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10989-018-9786-6

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