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Effects of flow direction in mini U-channel cold plates on thermal performance of a prismatic LiMn2O4 battery

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Abstract

For addressing the issue about cooling a prismatic LiMn2O4 battery, two mini U-channel cold plates are used to clinging to the front and back surface of the prismatic battery, respectively. The maximum temperature and temperature distribution of the battery under different flow directions (Cooling plan A and cooling plan B) are numerically investigated and analyzed. It is found that the maximum temperature of battery is reduced to about 311.8 K under the two cooling plans at the inlet velocity of 0.01 m s−1 and the discharge rate of 1 C, making the battery in a suitable temperature range. Furthermore, the maximum temperature of battery under cooling plan A (Same flow direction) and B (Opposite flow direction) are basically the same, while the temperature distribution of battery under the cooling plan B is more uniform than that under the cooling plan A. Results suggest that the cooling plan B is more applicable for cooling a prismatic LiMn2O4 battery.

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Abbreviations

c p,b :

Specific heat capacity of battery material, J kg−1 K−1

c p,c :

Specific heat capacity of coolant, J kg−1 K−1

E oc :

Open-circuit voltage, V

h a :

Convective heat transfer coefficient of air, W m−2 K−1

I :

Discharge current, A

i :

Current per unit volume, A m−3

k b :

Thermal conductivity of battery, W m−1 K−1

k c :

Thermal conductivity of coolant, W m−1 K−1

p :

Coolant pressure, Pa

Q r :

Reaction heat, W

Q p :

Polarization heat, W

Q j :

Joule heat, W

R p :

Polarization resistance, Ω

R t :

Total resistance, Ω

R e :

Internal resistance, Ω

q g :

Heat generation rate per unit volume, W m−3

T a :

Ambient temperature, K

T b :

Battery temperature, K

T c :

Coolant temperature, K

t :

Time, s

\(\overrightarrow {v}\) :

Coolant velocity, m s−1

μ :

Dynamic viscosity of coolant, kg m−1 s−1

ρ b :

Battery density, kg m−3

ρ c :

Coolant density, kg m−3

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Acknowledgments

This work is supported by Wuhan University of Science and Technology (No. 1010010) and Wuhan Yellow Crane Talents Program.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430081, China

    Wei Zuo, Jing Li, Yuntian Zhang & Qingqing Li

  2. National-Provincial Joint Engineering Research Center of High Temperature Materials and Lining Technology, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430081, China

    Wei Zuo

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  1. Wei Zuo
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Zuo, W., Li, J., Zhang, Y. et al. Effects of flow direction in mini U-channel cold plates on thermal performance of a prismatic LiMn2O4 battery. J Therm Anal Calorim 148, 3689–3699 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10973-022-11935-y

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