Abstract
This study was carried out in a university hospital located in the southeastern region of Turkey to determine the relationship between the perceived stress with the religious attitude and behavior of the intensive care patient’s relatives; 150 patient’s relatives participated in this descriptive and relation-seeking study between the dates of January and April 2019. The Personal Data Form, Perceived Stress Scale, and Religious Attitude and Behavior Inventory that were designed by their own researchers as a result of the literature review were used in this study. As a result of this study, it was found that there was a statistically significant relationship between religious attitude and behavior and perceived stress levels of the patient’s relatives with sociodemographic features such as age, gender, marital status, and educational level. It was determined that the participants mostly prefer to pray as a method for stress management (65.3%). In terms of educational level, it was identified that 42% of the participants are elementary school graduates; besides, the stress level of this group was significantly lower than the others, and their religious attitude and behaviors were higher (p = 0.004). In consideration of these results, in terms of holistic care, it is recommended that nurses should make arrangements toward their strategy for stress management considering the religious attitudes and behaviors of patients' relatives.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Acaroǧlu, R., Kaya, H., Şendir, M., Tosun, K., & Turan, Y. (2008). Levels of anxiety and ways of coping of family members of patients hospitalized in the neurosurgery intensive care unit. Neurosciences, 13(1), 41–45.
Auerbach, B. S. M., Kiesler, D. J., Wartella, J., Rausch, S., & Kevin, R. (2005). İnterpersonal perceptions of the healthcare members during critical care hospitalization. American Journal Of Critical Care, 14(3), 202–209.
Ayten, A. (2012). The relations of religious coping, gratitude and life satisfaction: A case study on patients, patient relatives and hospital staff. Journal of Academic Research in Religious Sciences, 12(2), 45–79.
Azoulay, E., Pochard, F., Kentish-Barnes, N., Chevret, S., Aboab, J., Adrie, C., et al. (2005). Risk of post-traumatic stress symptoms in family members of intensive care unit patients. American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, 171(9), 987–994. https://doi.org/10.1164/rccm.200409-1295OC
Çekin 2013 The evaluations on social aspect of religion and its education Journal of the Human and Social Science Researches 2 2 36 48
Cohen, S., Kamarck, T., & Mermelstein, R. (1983). A global measure of perceived stress. Journal of Health and Social Behavior, 24(4), 385–396.
De Beer, J., & Brysiewicz, P. (2016). The needs of family members of intensive care unit patients: A grounded theory study. Southern African Journal of Critical Care, 32(2), 44–49. https://doi.org/10.7196/SAJCC.2016.v32i2.298
Emhan, A., & Çayır, C. (2010). The effect of spiritual values in the management of entrepreneurs with stress. Atatürk University Journal of Economics and Administrative Sciences, 24(2), 625–645.
Eskin, M., Harlak, H., Demirkiran, F., & Dereboy, Ç. (2013). The adaptation of the perceived stress scale into Turkish: A reliability and validity analysis. New Symposium Journal, 51(3), 132–140.
Gaeeni, M., Farahani, M. A., Mohammadi, N., Seyedfatemi, N. (2014). Sources of hope: Perception of Iranian family members of patients in the Intensive Care Unit. Iranian journal of nursing and midwifery research, 19(6), 635–42 http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/25558262%0Ahttp://www.pubmedcentral.nih.gov/articlerender.fcgi?artid=PMC4280729
Green, C. A. (2018). Complimentary care: When our patients request to pray. Journal of Religion and Health, 57(3), 1179–1182. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943-018-0599-x
Karadag, E., ParlarKilic, S., Ugur, O., & Akyol, M. A. (2019). Attitudes of nurses in turkey toward care of dying individual and the associated religious and cultural factors. Journal of Religion and Health, 58(1), 303–316. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943-018-0657-4
Kavas, E. (2013). The relationship between religious attitude and coping with stress. Journal of Social Sciences, 37, 53–65.
Kaya, M. (1998). Communication in the religious education. Samsun, Turkey: Etut publishing.
Kula, N. (2002). Earthquake and religious coping. Gazi University Çorum faculty of Theology Journal, (Eylül 1999), 234–255.
Lazarus, R. S. (1999). Stress and emotion: A new synthesis. New York: Springer.
Magill, L. (2009). The spiritual meaning of pre-loss music therapy to bereaved caregivers of advanced cancer patients. Palliative and Supportive Care, 7(1), 97–108. https://doi.org/10.1017/S1478951509000121
Nematollahi, M., Mehdipour, R. (2019). Spirituality, a path to peace : The experiences of parents who have children with phenylketonuria. Journal of Religion and Health, (012345678). https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943-019-00903-w
Obringer, K., Hilgenberg, C., & Booker, K. (2012). Needs of adult family members of intensive care unit patients. Journal of Clinical Nursing, 21(11–12), 1651–1658. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2702.2011.03989.x
Pochard, F., Darmon, M., Fassier, T., Bollaert, P. E., Cheval, C., Coloigner, M., et al. (2005). Symptoms of anxiety and depression in family members of intensive care unit patients before discharge or death. A prospective multicenter study. Journal of Critical Care, 20(1), 90–96. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcrc.2004.11.004
Sekhavatpour, Z., Reyhani, T., Heidarzade, M., Moosavi, S. M., Mazlom, S. R., Dastoorpoor, M., et al. (2018). The effect of spiritual self-care training on the quality of life of mothers of preterm infants: A randomized controlled trial. Journal of Religion and Health. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943-018-0620-4
Sekmen, K., & Hatipoğlu, S. (1999). The influence of technological enviroment of intensive care units on patient and their families. Journal of the Turkish Society of Critical Care Nurses, 3(1), 22–26.
Sharifnia, M., Hasanzadeh, M. H., Asadi Kakhaki, S. M., Mazlom, S. R., Karbandi, S. (2016). The impact of praying on stress and anxiety in mothers with premature neonates admitted to NICU. Iranian Journal of Neonatology, 7(4), 15–22. https://doi.org/https://doi.org/10.22038/ijn.2016.7866
Terzi, B., & Kaya, N. (2011). Nursing care for critically ill patients. Journal of the Intensive Care Society, 12(1), 10. https://doi.org/10.5152/dcbybd.2011.05
Ünver, V. (2003). Evaluation of the needs of families of ıntensive care unit patients, 7(2), 75–81.
Wall, R. J., Engelberg, R. A., Gries, C. J., Glavan, B., & Curtis, J. R. (2007). Spiritual care of families in the intensive care unit. Critical Care Medicine, 35(4), 1084–1090. https://doi.org/10.1097/01.CCM.0000259382.36414.06
Willemse, S., Smeets, W., van Leeuwen, E., Janssen, L., & Foudraine, N. (2018). Spiritual care in the ıcu: Perspectives of dutchıntensivists, ıcu nurses, and spiritual caregivers. Journal of Religion and Health, 57(2), 583–595. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943-017-0457-2
Yakubu, Y. H., Esmaeili, M., & Navab, E. (2019). Family members’ beliefs and attitudes towards visiting policy in the intensive care units of Ghana. Nursing Open, 6(2), 526–534. https://doi.org/10.1002/nop2.234
Acknowledgements
This a self-funded study. The authors are grateful to the patient’s relatives who participated in this study.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Additional information
Publisher's Note
Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Ozdemir, A., Serin, E.K. & Savas, M. The Relationship Between the Stress Perceived by the Intensive Care Patient’s Relatives with Their Religious Attitudes and Behaviors: Turkey Sample. J Relig Health 60, 752–763 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943-020-01116-2
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10943-020-01116-2