Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Ultrahydrophobic silica films by sol–gel process

  • Published:
Journal of Porous Materials Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Wettability of solid surfaces is a crucial concern in our daily life as well as in engineering and science. The present research work describes the room temperature (27 °C) synthesis of adherent and water repellent silica films on glass substrates using vinyltrimethoxysilane (VTMS) as a hydrophobic reagent by a single step sol–gel process. The silica sol was prepared by keeping the molar ratio of tetraethoxysilane (TEOS), methanol (MeOH), water (H2O) constant at 1:14.69:5, respectively, with 0.01 M NH4F throughout the experiments and the VTMS/TEOS molar ratio (M) was varied from 0 to 0.97. The effects of M on the surface structure and hydrophobicity have been researched. The static water contact angle as high as 144° and water sliding angle as low as 14° was obtained for silica film prepared from M = 0.97. The hydrophobic silica films retained their hydrophobicity up to a temperature of 255 °C and above this temperature the films became superhydrophilic. The prepared silica films were characterized by Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM), Atomic Force Microscopy (AFM), Fourier Transform Infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, humidity test and static and dynamic water contact angle measurements.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. W. Barthlott, C. Neinhuis, Planta 202, 1 (1997)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  2. C. Neinhuis, W. Barthlott, Ann. Bot. 79, 667 (1997)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. X.J. Feng, L. Jiang, Adv. Mater. 18, 3063 (2006)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  4. M.H. Jin, X.J. Feng, L. Feng, T.L. Sun, J. Zhai, T.J. Li, L. Jiang, Adv. Mater. (Weinheim, Ger.) 17, 1977 (2005)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  5. J.F. Zhang, D.Y. Kwok, Langmuir 22, 4998 (2006)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  6. D. Bartolo, F. Bouamrirene, E. Verneuil, A. Buguin, P. Silberzan, S. Moulinet, Europhys. Lett. 74, 299 (2006)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  7. Q.F. Xu, J.N. Wang, New J. Chem. 33, 734 (2009)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  8. Z.G. Guo, W.M. Liu, Appl. Phys. Lett. 90, 223111 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. W. Xiao, Z. Huang, Z. He, Appl. Phys. Lett. 89, 083101 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. D. Richard, C. Clanet, D. Quere, Nature (Lond.) 417, 811 (2002)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  11. T. Nakagawa, T. Hiwatashi, Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 41, 3896 (2002)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  12. L. Feng, S. Li, H. Li, J. Zhai, Y. Song, L. Jiang, D. Zhu, Angew. Chem. Int. Ed. Engl. 41, 1221 (2002)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  13. J.D. Mackenzie, E.P. Bescher, J. Sol–Gel Sci. Technol. 19, 23 (2000)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  14. M. Guglielmi, J. Sol–Gel Sci. Technol. 8, 443 (1997)

    CAS  Google Scholar 

  15. A. Venkateswara Rao, D. Haranath, Microporous Mesoporous Mater. 30, 267 (1999)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. H. Yokogawa, M. Yokoyama, J. Non-Cryst. Solids 186, 23 (1995)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  17. S.S. Latthe, H. Hirashima, A.V. Rao, J. Smart Mater. Struct. 18, 095017 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. W.A. Daoud, J.H. Xin, X. Tao, J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 87(9), 1782 (2004)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  19. S.S. Latthe, D.Y. Nadargi, A.V. Rao, J. Appl. Surf. Sci. 255, 3600 (2009)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  20. H.M. Shang, Y. Wang, K. Takahashi, G.Z. Cao, D. Li, Y.N. Xia, J. Mater. Sci. 40, 3587 (2005)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  21. J.M. Hu, L. Liu, J.Q. Zhang, C.N. Cao, Prog. Org. Coat. 58, 265 (2007)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  22. B.N. Zand, M. Mahdavian, Electrochim. Acta 52, 6438 (2007)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  23. A.V. Rao, S.S. Latthe, D.Y. Nadargi, H. Hirashima, V. Ganesan, J. Colloid Interface Sci. 332, 484 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. T. Young, Philos. Trans. R. Soc. Lond. 95, 65 (1805)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. R.N. Wenzel, Ind. Eng. Chem. 28, 988 (1936)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  26. A.B.D. Cassie, S. Baxter, Trans. Faraday Soc. 40, 546 (1944)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  27. J.K. Hong, H.R. Kim, H.H. Park, Thin Solid Films 332, 449 (1998)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  28. N. Hering, K. Schriber, R. Riedel, O. Lichtenberger, J. Woltersodorf, Appl. Organomet. Chem. 15, 879 (2001)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  29. B.E. Yoldas, J. Non-Cryst. Solids 63, 145 (1984)

    Article  CAS  Google Scholar 

  30. J.F. Richardson, J.R. Backhurst, J.H. Harker, Chemical Engineering, vol. 2, 4th edn. (Pergamon Press, Oxford, 1991), p. 690

    Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

One of the authors, Mr. Sanjay S. Latthe is grateful to University Grant Commission (UGC), New Delhi, Government of India, for providing “UGC Research Fellowship in Sciences for Meritorious Students”. The authors are grateful to the Board of Research in Nuclear Sciences (BRNS), Department of Atomic Energy (DAE), Mumbai, Government of India, for the financial support for this work through a major research project on “Aerogels and coatings” (No.2007/37/18/BRNS).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. Air Glass Laboratory, Department of Physics, Shivaji University, Kolhapur, Maharashtra, 416004, India

    Sanjay S. Latthe & A. Venkateswara Rao

  2. Faculty of Science and Technology, Keio University, 3-14-1, Hiyoshi, Kohoku-ku, Yokohama, 223-8522, Japan

    Hiroaki Imai

  3. CSR, Indore Centre, University Campus, Khandwa Road, Indore, Madhya Pradesh, 452017, India

    V. Ganesan

Authors
  1. Sanjay S. Latthe
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Hiroaki Imai
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. V. Ganesan
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. A. Venkateswara Rao
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding author

Correspondence to A. Venkateswara Rao.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Cite this article

Latthe, S.S., Imai, H., Ganesan, V. et al. Ultrahydrophobic silica films by sol–gel process. J Porous Mater 17, 565–571 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10934-009-9325-0

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10934-009-9325-0

Keywords

Search

Navigation