Abstract
Styrene (St) was graft-polymerized onto the surfaces of micro-sized silica gel particles, and the surface-grafted composite particles PSt/SiO2 were obtained. With the surface-grafted composite particles PSt/SiO2 as a starting material, water-insoluble antibacterial materials with quaternary ‘onium’ salt-type were synthesized via two polymer reaction steps. The grafted polystyrene was first chloromethylated, resulting in grafted particles CMPS/SiO2, and then quaterisation (QN) and quaternary phosphonium reaction (QP) were conducted with triethylamine, tri-n-butylamine and triphenyl phosphine as reagents, respectively. Two kinds of water-insoluble antibacterial materials, QN-PSt/SiO2 and QP-PSt/SiO2 were prepared. Their antibacterial property was mainly investigated by using Escherichia coli (E. coli) as a model bacterium and by adopting colony count method. The relationship between the chemical structure of the antibacterial group and antimicrobial activity for the water-insoluble antibacterial materials was studied in detail, and their antibacterial mechanism was investigated by TTC-dehydrogenase activity determination and extracellular DNA and RNA measurement methods. The experimental results show that QN-PSt/SiO2 and QP-PSt/SiO2 possess strong antibacterial activity. The main factors affecting the antibacterial ability of the water-insoluble materials are the chemical structure of the antibacterial groups, the bound density of the antibacterial groups on the surface of the water-insoluble antibacterial materials as well as the pH value of the medium. QP-PSt/SiO2 has stronger antibacterial activity than QN-PSt/SiO2; the QN-PSt/SiO2 prepared with tri-n-butylamine has stronger antibacterial activity than that prepared with triethylamine; the water-insoluble material with higher bound density of the antibacterial groups has stronger antibacterial ability; as the pH value of the medium is over the isoelectric point of E. coli, the antibacterial ability is strengthened with the increase of pH value.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Guay C, Rodriguez M, Sérodes J (2005) Desalination 176:229
Richardson SD, Thruston AD, Caughran TV (2000) Water Air Soil Pollut 123:95
Dabrowska A, Swietlilk J, Nawrocki J (2003) Water Res 37:1161
Kronberg L (1999) Water Sci Technol 40:31
Driedger MS, Eyles J (1279) Soc Sci Med 56:1279
Kenawy E-R, Abdel-Hay FI, Ei-Shanshoury AER, Ei-Newehy MH (1998) J Control Release 50:152
Cakmak I, Ulukanli Z, Tuzcu M (2004) Eur Polym J 40:2379
Bessems E (1998) Int Biodeterior Biodegrad 41:177
Augusta S, Gruber HF, Streicher FJ (1994) Appl Polym Sci 53:1149
Seckin T, Önal Y, Yesilada Ö, Gültek A (1997) J Mater Sci 32:5993
Jiang S, Wang L, Yu H, Chen Y (2005) React Funct Polym 62:209
Gao B-J, He S-X, Guo J-F, Wang R-X (2007) Mater Lett 61:877
Li G-J, Shen J-R, Zhu Y-L (2000) J Appl Polym Sci 78:668
Seyfriedsberger G, Rametsteiner K, Kern W (2006) Eur Polym J 42:3383
Kenawy E-R, Abdel-Hay FI, El-Shanshoury AE-RR, El-Newehy MH (1998) J Control Release 50:145
Gao B-J, Qi C-S, Liu Q (2008) Appl Surf Sci 254:4159
Shen Y-L, Yang Y-F, Gao B-J, Zhu Y (2007) Acta Polymerica Sinica (In Chinese) 6:531
Klapwijk A (1974) Water Res 8:121
Lu G-Q, Wu D-C, Fu R-W (2007) React Funct Polym 67:355
Chen CZ, Cooper SL (2002) Biomaterials 23:3359
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Gao, B., Liu, Q. & Li, Y. Preparation of Water-Insoluble Antibacterial Materials with Surface-Grafted Material PSt/SiO2 and Their Antibacterial Activity. J Polym Environ 18, 474–483 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10924-010-0187-y
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10924-010-0187-y