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Structural, Morphological and Biological Features of ZnO Nanoparticles Using Hyphaene thebaica (L.) Mart. Fruits

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Abstract

Pure zinc oxide NPs (ZnO NPs) have been synthesized using a simple eco-friendly approach using fruit extracts of Hyphaene thebaica. XRD pattern indicated zincite and highly crystalline phase of ZnO NPs. UV–Vis spectrum revealed surface plasmon resonance at 372 nm and bandgap of 3.36 eV. FTIR spectrum indicated characteristic Zn–O vibration at 450 cm−1. HRTEM images indicated particle size in the range of 8–23 nm having a quasi spherical morphology. Raman shift was observed at 297 cm−1, 405 cm−1 and 548 cm−1. Excellent protein kinase (PK) inhibition and varying antimicrobial potential against different bacterial and fungal strains is reported. E. coli and A. flavus were found as the most susceptible microbial strains. Hemocompatability of the ZnO NPs was revealed. ZnO NPs indicated a dose dependant cytotoxicity. MTT assay revealed a median lethal concentration (IC50) of 106 µg/mL against Leishmania tropica. Different antioxidant assays indicated the antioxidant potential of ZnO NPs. Hyphaene thebaica mediated ZnO NPs revealed excellent therapeutic performance and can used as a potential candidate for diverse biomedical applications.

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Acknowledgements

This research was supported by the UNESCO-UNISA Africa Chair in Nanosciences and Nanotechnology, and the National Research Foundation of South Africa, Abdul Salam International Centre for Theoretical Physics (ICTP) via the Nanosciences African Network to whom we are all grateful. Assistance in HR-SEM, HR-TEM, SAED etc. by the staff of Electron Microscopy Unit of the University of Western Cape is highly acknowledged. Assistance from the Molecular Systematics and Applied Ethnobotany Lab of the Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-i-Azam University, Islamabad, is acknowledged.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. UNESCO UNISA Africa Chair in Nanosciences and Nanotechnology, College of Graduate Studies, University of South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa

    Hamza Elsayed Ahmed Mohamed, Ali Talha Khalil & Malik Maaza

  2. Material Research Department, Nanosciences African Network (NANOAFNET), iThemba LABS, Cape Town, South Africa

    Hamza Elsayed Ahmed Mohamed, Ali Talha Khalil & Malik Maaza

  3. Department of Biotechnology, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan

    Shakeeb Afridi, Dania Zia & Zabta Khan Shinwari

  4. Department of Biotechnology, Qarshi University, Lahore, Pakistan

    Ali Talha Khalil

  5. Pakistan Academy of Sciences, Islamabad, Pakistan

    Zabta Khan Shinwari

  6. Department of Physics, College of Engineering, Science and Technology, University of South Africa, Pretoria, South Africa

    Mokhotjwa Simon Dhlamini

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  1. Hamza Elsayed Ahmed Mohamed
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Contributions

HEAM, SA and DZ performed the experimental part. HEAM performed the synthesis of nanoparticles and their characterisations. SA and DZ performed the biological activities. ATK drafted the manuscript, interpreted the results. ZKS and MM conceptualized the idea and provided facilities to perform the experiments. MSD helped in results interpretation, reviewing and gave valuable suggestions.

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Correspondence to Ali Talha Khalil.

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Mohamed, H.E.A., Afridi, S., Khalil, A.T. et al. Structural, Morphological and Biological Features of ZnO Nanoparticles Using Hyphaene thebaica (L.) Mart. Fruits. J Inorg Organomet Polym 30, 3241–3254 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10904-020-01490-0

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