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The Role of Momilactones in Rice Allelopathy

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Abstract

Large field screening programs and laboratory experiments in many countries have indicated that rice is allelopathic and releases allelochemical(s) into its environment. A number of compounds, such as phenolic acids, fatty acids, phenylalkanoic acids, hydroxamic acids, terpenes, and indoles, have been identified as potential rice allelochemicals. However, the studies reviewed here demonstrate that the labdane-related diterpenoid momilactones are the most important, with momilactone B playing a particularly critical role. Rice plants secrete momilactone B from their roots into the neighboring environments over their entire life cycle at phytotoxic levels, and momilactone B seems to account for the majority of the observed rice allelopathy. In addition, genetic studies have shown that selective removal of the momilactones only from the complex mixture found in rice root exudates significantly reduces allelopathy, demonstrating that these serve as allelochemicals, the importance of which is reflected in the presence of a dedicated momilactone biosynthetic gene cluster in the rice genome.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Applied Biological Science, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagawa University, Miki, Kagawa, 761-0795, Japan

    Hisashi Kato-Noguchi

  2. Department of Biochemistry, Biophysics, & Molecular Biology, Iowa State University, Molecular Biology Building, Rm. 4216, Ames, IA, 50011, USA

    Reuben J. Peters

Authors
  1. Hisashi Kato-Noguchi
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  2. Reuben J. Peters
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Correspondence to Hisashi Kato-Noguchi.

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Kato-Noguchi, H., Peters, R.J. The Role of Momilactones in Rice Allelopathy. J Chem Ecol 39, 175–185 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10886-013-0236-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10886-013-0236-9

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