HNCA-TOCSY-CANH experiments with alternate ¹³C-¹²C labeling: a set of 3D experiment with unique supra-sequential information for mainchain resonance assignment

Abstract

Described here is a set of three-dimensional (3D) NMR experiments that rely on CACA-TOCSY magnetization transfer via the weak $^{ 3} {\text{J}}_{{{\text{C}}\alpha {\text{C}}\alpha }}$ coupling. These pulse sequences, which resemble recently described ¹³C detected CACA-TOCSY (Takeuchi et al. 2010) experiments, are recorded in ¹H₂O, and use ¹H excitation and detection. These experiments require alternate ¹³C-¹²C labeling together with perdeuteration, which allows utilizing the small $^{ 3} {\text{J}}_{{{\text{C}}\alpha {\text{C}}\alpha }}$ scalar coupling that is otherwise masked by the stronger ¹J_CC couplings in uniformly ¹³C labeled samples. These new experiments provide a unique assignment ladder-mark that yields bidirectional supra-sequential information and can readily straddle proline residues. Unlike the conventional HNCA experiment, which contains only sequential information to the $^{ 1 3} {\text{C}}^{\alpha }$ of the preceding residue, the 3D hnCA-TOCSY-caNH experiment can yield sequential correlations to alpha carbons in positions i−1, i + 1 and i−2. Furthermore, the 3D hNca-TOCSY-caNH and Hnca-TOCSY-caNH experiments, which share the same magnetization pathway but use a different chemical shift encoding, directly couple the ¹⁵N-¹H spin pair of residue i to adjacent amide protons and nitrogens at positions i−2, i−1, i + 1 and i + 2, respectively. These new experimental features make protein backbone assignments more robust by reducing the degeneracy problem associated with the conventional 3D NMR experiments.