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Enhanced bioactivity of polyvinylidene chloride films using argon ion bombardment for guided bone regeneration

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Abstract

Polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC) is a long chain carbon synthetic polymer. The objective of this study was to improve the bioactivity of PVDC films through surface modification using argon (Ar) ion bombardment to create Ar-modified PVDC films (Ar-PVDC) to address the clinical problems of guided bone regeneration (GBR), which is technique-sensitive, and low bone regenerative ability. First, the effects of Ar ion bombardment, a low temperature plasma etching technique widely used in industry, on PVDC film wettability, surface chemistry, and morphology were confirmed. Next, fibroblast-like and osteoblast-like cell attachment and proliferation on Ar-PVDC were assessed. As a preclinical in vivo study, Ar-PVDC was used to cover a critical-sized bone defect on rat calvaria and osteoconductivity was evaluated by micro-computed tomography analysis and histological examinations. We found that the contact angle of PVDC film decreased by 50° because of the production of –OH groups on the PVDC film surface, though surface morphological was unchanged at 30 min after Ar ion bombardment. We demonstrated that cell attachment increased by about 40 % and proliferation by more than 140 % because of increased wettability, and 2.4 times greater bone regeneration was observed at week 3 with Ar-PVDC compared with untreated PVDC films. These results suggest that Ar ion bombardment modification of PVDC surfaces improves osteoconductivity, indicating its potential to increase bone deposition during GBR.

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported in part by a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (B) (23390454; Development of implantable osteoinductive materials using a polysaccharide and bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) combined 3D fabricated scaffold) from the Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology (MEXT), Tokyo, Japan.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Periodontology, Aichi Gakuin University School of Dentistry, 2-11 Suemori-Dori, Chikusa-Ku, Nagoya, 464-8651, Japan

    Shuichiro Kobayashi, Eijiro Okabe & Toshihide Noguchi

  2. Department of Dental Materials Science, Aichi Gakuin University School of Dentistry, 1-100 Kusumoto-Cho, Chikusa-Ku, Nagoya, 464-8650, Japan

    Tatsuhide Hayashi, Masaki Asakura, Soichiro Hamajima, Yamato Sato, Keisuke Sasaki, Mayu Kawase & Tatsushi Kawai

  3. Department of Gerodontology, Aichi Gakuin University School of Dentistry, 2-11 Suemori-Dori, Chikusa-Ku, Nagoya, 464-8651, Japan

    Masahiko Ando

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  1. Shuichiro Kobayashi
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  2. Tatsuhide Hayashi
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  3. Masaki Asakura
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Correspondence to Shuichiro Kobayashi.

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Kobayashi, S., Hayashi, T., Asakura, M. et al. Enhanced bioactivity of polyvinylidene chloride films using argon ion bombardment for guided bone regeneration. J Mater Sci: Mater Med 25, 2049–2057 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10856-014-5243-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10856-014-5243-z

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