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Local delivery of alendronate eluting chitosan scaffold can effectively increase osteoblast functions and inhibit osteoclast differentiation

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Abstract

The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of alendronate released from chitosan scaffolds on enhancement of osteoblast functions and inhibition of osteoclast differentiation in vitro. The surface and cell morphologies of chitosan scaffolds and alendronate-loaded chitosan scaffolds were characterized by variable pressure field emission scanning electron microscope (VP-FE-SEM). Alendronate was released in a sustained manner. For evaluating osteoblast functions in MG-63 cells, we investigated cell proliferation, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, and calcium deposition. Furthermore, for evaluating inhibition of osteoclast differentiation in RAW 264.7 cells, we investigated tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) activity, TRAP staining, and gene expressions. The in vitro studies revealed that osteoblasts grown on alendronate-loaded chitosan scaffold showed a significant increment in cell proliferation, ALP activity, and calcium deposition as compared to those grown on chitosan scaffolds. In addition, the in vitro study showed that osteoclast differentiation in RAW 264.7 cells cultured on alendronate-loaded chitosan scaffolds was greatly inhibited as compared to those cultured on chitosan scaffolds by the results of TRAP activity, TRAP staining, and gene expressions. Taken together, alendronate-loaded chitosan scaffolds could achieve the dual functions of improvement in osteoblast functions and inhibition of osteoclast differentiation. Thus, alendronate-eluting chitosan substrates are promising materials for enhancing osteoblast functions and inhibiting osteoclast differentiation in orthopedic and dental fields.

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Acknowledgments

This study was supported by KBSI grant (T32513) to KP. We thank Boram Lee at the Chuncheon Center of the Korea Basic Science Institute for technical assistance in VP-FE-SEM image analyses (Variable Pressure Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope, Carl Zeiss).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Rare Diseases Institute, Korea University Medical College, Guro Hospital, #80, Guro-dong, Guro-gu, Seoul, 152-703, Korea

    Sung Eun Kim, Young-Pil Yun & Jae Yong Lee

  2. Division of Biological Imaging, Chuncheon Center, Korea Basic Science Institute, 192-1 Hyoja 2-dong, Chuncheon, Gangwon-do, 200-701, Korea

    Kyeongsoon Park

  3. Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Kyung Hee University, 1 Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 130-701, Korea

    Deok-Won Lee

  4. Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Korea University Medical College, Ansan Hospital, Gojan 1-dong, Danwon-gu, Ansan, Gyeonggi-do, 152-703, Korea

    Dong Hun Suh

  5. Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Hoegi-dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 130-701, Korea

    Jun-Young Chung

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  1. Sung Eun Kim
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Correspondence to Deok-Won Lee.

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Sung Eun Kim and Dong Hun Suh contributed equally to this work.

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Kim, S.E., Suh, D.H., Yun, YP. et al. Local delivery of alendronate eluting chitosan scaffold can effectively increase osteoblast functions and inhibit osteoclast differentiation. J Mater Sci: Mater Med 23, 2739–2749 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10856-012-4729-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10856-012-4729-9

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