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AC conductivity, dielectric and electrical modulus studies of bulk Zn0.95Co0.05O ceramic

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Abstract

Polycrystalline Zn0.95Co0.05O bulk sample was prepared by using a sol–gel method. The temperature dependence and frequency dependence of AC conductivity, dielectric and electrical modulus of bulk Zn0.95Co0.05O in a pellet form were investigated in the temperature range of 300–500 K and frequency range of 1 kHz–1.5 MHz. While the real values of dielectric constant (ε') increased with increasing temperature, they decreased with increasing frequency. Its calculated values for 300 K ranged from 30.65 to 11.24 in the frequency range from 1 kHz to 1 MHz. The density of localized states N(Ef) values near the Fermi level were obtained in the order of 5.21 × 1035–5.39 × 1036 eV−1 m−3 for the studied frequency and temperature range. The maximum barrier height Wm value was found to be 0.132 eV. The variation of AC conductivity with temperature showed a semiconductor behavior. We observed that second semicircle started to form in the graph of the real and imaginary parts of the modulus. It can show that two separate conduction processes caused by grain and grain boundary. The maximum frequency values of the imaginary part of the modulus were different indicating a non-Debye type of relaxation process. Also, the non-coincidence of peaks corresponding to the frequency dependence of impedance and modulus confirmed deviation from Debye-type relaxation for the Zn0.95Co0.05O sample. The average value of the activation energy calculated from the modulus was 0.499 eV. The activation energy values calculated from the AC conductivity decreased as the frequency increased and its values varied between 0.54 eV and 0.42 eV. These activation energy values of the sample are very similar, suggesting that the relaxation process may refer to the same type of charge carriers.

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Acknowledgements

This work was financially supported by the Scientific Research Projects foundation of Gazi University (BAP 05/2020-20).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey

    Pınar Oruç, Neslihan Turan, Yeşim Demirölmez, Ayten Seçkin, Şükrü Çavdar & Haluk Koralay

  2. Department of Energy Systems Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Giresun University, Giresun, Turkey

    Nihat Tuğluoğlu

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  1. Pınar Oruç
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Contributions

P. Oruç was involved in the investigation, experiment, formal analysis, visualization, and writing—original draft, N. Turan was involved in the investigation, formal analysis, visualization, and writing—original draft, Y. Demirölmez was involved in the investigation, experiment, formal analysis, visualization, and writing—original draft, A. Seçkin contributed to the investigation, formal analysis, visualization, and writing—original draft, Ş. Çavdar contributed to the supervision, resources, investigation, writing—original draft, visualization, and writing—review and editing, H. Koralay: contributed to the supervision, resources, investigation, writing—original draft, visualization, and writing—review and editing, N. Tuğluoğlu contributed to the project administration, supervision, investigation, writing—original draft, visualization, and writing—review and editing.

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Correspondence to Neslihan Turan.

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Oruç, P., Turan, N., Demirölmez, Y. et al. AC conductivity, dielectric and electrical modulus studies of bulk Zn0.95Co0.05O ceramic. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 32, 15837–15850 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-021-06136-6

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