Skip to main content
SpringerLink
Log in

Effects of CaTiO3 on crystal structures and dielectric properties of Ba(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3 ceramics via X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy

  • Published:
Journal of Materials Science: Materials in Electronics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Ba(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3–CaTiO3 (BZN–CT) ceramics were synthesized at 1,395 °C for 4 h using a conventional solid-state sintering technique, with CT contents of 0, 30, 60, 75, and 90 wt%. Crystal structures were analyzed by X-ray diffraction, and vibrational modes were obtained by Raman spectroscopy to evaluate the correlation between crystal structures, dielectric properties, and phonon modes of these ceramics. Increasing CT content can remarkably affect the crystal structures and dielectric properties of BZN–CT ceramics. Crystal symmetries decrease with CT concentration from cubic to hexagonal structure. The lattice constant and the degree of order also change accordingly. The ordered phases transform from 1:1 to 1:2 ordered structure with changing crystal structures. The relationship between the Raman shifts, the FWHM values, and the dielectric properties were obtained by Raman spectral analyses.

This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.

Access this article

Log in via an institution

Price excludes VAT (USA)
Tax calculation will be finalised during checkout.

Instant access to the full article PDF.

Institutional subscriptions

Fig. 1
Fig. 2
Fig. 3
Fig. 4
Fig. 5
Fig. 6
Fig. 7

Similar content being viewed by others

References

  1. T.A. Vanderah, Talking ceramics. Science 298, 1182–1184 (2002)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  2. F. Shi, H.L. Dong, Correlation of phonon characteristics and crystal structural of Ba[Zn1/3(Nb1−xTax)2/3]O3 ceramics. J. Appl. Phys. 111, 014–111 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  3. H. Hughes, D.M. Iddles, I.M. Reaney, Niobate-based microwave dielectrics suitable for third generation mobile phone base stations. Appl. Phys. Lett. 79, 2952–2954 (2001)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  4. J.I. Yang, S. Nahm, C.H. Choi, H.J. Lee, H.M. Park, Microstructure and microwave dielectric properties of Ba(Zn1/3Ta2/3)O3 ceramics with ZrO2 addition. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 85, 165–168 (2002)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  5. M.H. Kima, Y.H. Jeong, S. Nahma, H.T. Kimb, H.J. Lee, Effect of B2O3and CuO additives on the sintering temperature and microwave dielectric pro-perties of Ba(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3ceramics. J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 26, 2139–2142 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  6. P.K. Davies, J. Tong, T. Negas, Effect of ordering-induced domain boundaries on low-loss Ba(Zn1/3Ta2/3)O3–BaZrO3 perovskite microwave dielectrics. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 80, 1727–1740 (1997)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  7. G. Rong, N. Newman, B. Shaw, D. Cronin, Role of Ni and Zr doping on the electrical, optical, magnetic, and structural properties of barium zinc tantalate ceramics. J. Mater. Res. 14, 4011–4019 (1999)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  8. H. Matsumoto, H. Tamura, K. Wakino, Ba(Mg1/3Ta2/3)O3–BaSnO3 High-Q Dielectric Resonator. Jpn. J. Appl. Phy. 30, 2347–2349 (1991)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  9. C.L. Diao, F. Shi, Effects of sintering temperatures on dielectric properties, vibrational modes and crystal structures in Ba[(Ni0.7Zn0.1)]1/3Nb2/3]O3 ceramics. J. Mater. Sci. 47(14), 5438–5445 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  10. B.K. Kim, H. Hamaguchi, I.T. Kim, K.S. Hong, Probing of 1:2 ordering in Ba(Ni1/3Nb2/3)O3and Ba(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3 ceramics by XRD and Raman spectroscopy. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 78(11), 3117–3120 (1995)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  11. S. Kawashima, M. Nishida, I. Ueda, H. Ouchi, Ba(Zn1/3Ta2/3)O3 ceramics with low dielectric loss at microwave frequencies. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 66, 421–423 (1983)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  12. K. Endo, K. Fujimoto, K. Murakawa, Dielectric properties of ceramics in Ba(Co1/3Nb2/3)O3–Ba(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3 solid solution. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 70, 215–218 (1987)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  13. S.B. Desu, H.M. O’Bryan, Microwave loss quality of Ba(Zn1/3Ta2/3)O3 ceramics. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 68, 546–551 (1985)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  14. H. Tamura, T. Konoike, Y. Sakabe, K. Wakino, Improved high Q dielectric resonator with complex perovskite structure. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 67, C59–C61 (1984)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  15. F. Galasso, J. Pyle, Preparation and study of ordering in A(B′0.33Nb0.67)O3 perovskite-type compounds. J. Phys. Chem. 67, 1561–1562 (1963)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  16. C.T. Lee, Y.C. Lin, C.Y. Huang, Cation ordering and dielectric characteristics in barium zinc niobate. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 90, 483–489 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  17. C.H. Wang, X.P. Jing, L. Wang, J. Lu, XRD and Raman studies on the ordering/disordering of Ba(Mg1/3Ta2/3)O3. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 92(7), 1547–1551 (2009)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  18. I.G. Siny, R.W. Tao, R.S. Katiyar, R.A. Guo, A.S. Bhalla, Raman spectroscopy of Mg–Ta order-disorder in Ba(Mg1/3Ta2/3)O3. J. Phys. Chem. Solids 59, 181–195 (1998)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  19. S.J. Webb, J. Breeze, R.I. Scott, D.S. Cannell, D.M. Iddles, N.M. Alford, Raman spectroscopic study of gallium-doped Ba(Zn1/3Ta2/3)O3. J. Am. Ceram. Soc. 85, 1753–1756 (2002)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  20. F. Shi, H.L. Dong, Vibrational modes and structural characteristics of (Ba0.3Sr0.7)[(ZnxMg1−x)1/3Nb2/3]O3 ceramics. Dalton Trans. 40, 11591–11598 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  21. C.L. Diao, F. Shi, Correlation among dielectric properties, vibrational modes and crystal structures in Ba[Sn x Zn(1−x)/3Nb2(1−x)/3]O3 solid solutions. J. Phys. Chem. C 116(12), 6852–6858 (2012)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  22. C.T. Cha, Y.C. Chen, H.F. Cheng, H.L. Liu, I.N. Lin, Correlation of microwave properties and normal vibration modes of xBa(Mg1/3Ta2/3)O3–(1−x)Ba(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3 ceramics: I. Raman spectroscopy. J. Appl. Phys. 94(5), 3360–3364 (2003)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  23. T. Nagai, M. Sugaiyama, M. Sando, K. Niihara, Anomaly in the infrared active phonon modes and its relationship to the dielectric constant of (Ba1−xSrx)(Mg1/3Ta2/3)O3 compound. J. Appl. Phys. 35, 5163–5167 (1996)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  24. H.F. Cheng, C.T. Chia, H.L. Liu, M.Y. Chen, Y.T. Tzeng, I.N. Lin, Correlation of the phonon characteristics and microwave dielectric properties of the Ba(Mg1/3Ta2/3)O3 materials. J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 27, 2893 (2007)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  25. F. Shi, H. Dong, Correlation of crystal structure, dielectric properties and lattice vibration spectra of (Ba1−xSrx)(Zn1/3 Nb2/3)O3 solid solutions. Dalton Trans. 40, 6659–6667 (2011)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  26. M.Y. Chen, C.T. Chia, I.N. Lin, L.J. Lin, C.W. Ahn, S. Nahm, Microwave properties of Ba(Mg1/3Ta2/3)O3, Ba(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3 and Ba(Co1/3Nb2/3)O3 ceramics revealed by Raman scattering. J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 26, 1965–1968 (2006)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  27. J. Venkatesh, V. Subramanian, V.R.K. Murthy, Far-IR reflectance study on (Ba(1−x)Srx)(Zn1/3Ta2/3)O3 dielectric resonators as a function of tolerance factor. J. Phys. B. 293(1), 118–124 (2000)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  28. A. Diasa, V.S.T. Ciminellia, F.M. Matinagab, R.L. Moreirab, Raman scattering and X-ray diffraction investigations on hydrothermal barium magnesium niobate ceramics. J. Eur. Ceram. Soc. 21, 2739 (2001)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  29. J. Cerda, J. Arbiol, G. Dezanneau, R. Diaz, J.R. Morante, Peroskite-type BaSnO3 powders for high temperature gas sensor applications. Sens. Actuators B Chem 84(1), 21–25 (2002)

    Article  Google Scholar 

  30. F.S. Galasso, Perovskite and High Tc Superconductors (Gordon and Breach, New York, 1990)

    Google Scholar 

  31. I.G. Siny, R. Tao, R.S. Katiyar, R. Guo, A.S. Bhalla, Raman spectroscopy of Mg–Ta order-disorder in BaMg1/3Ta2/3O3. J. Phys. Chem. Solids 59(2), 181–195 (1998)

    Article  Google Scholar 

Download references

Acknowledgments

The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support provided by the National Nature Science Foundation of China (Grant No. 21071009).

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. College of Physics and Electronics, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250014, People’s Republic of China

    Li Wang, Han Zhang, Yan Leng & Feng Shi

  2. Beijing National Laboratory for Molecular Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, People’s Republic of China

    Xiping Jing

Authors
  1. Li Wang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  2. Han Zhang
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  3. Yan Leng
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  4. Feng Shi
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

  5. Xiping Jing
    View author publications

    You can also search for this author in PubMed Google Scholar

Corresponding authors

Correspondence to Yan Leng or Feng Shi.

Additional information

Li Wang and Han Zhang are joint first author, means same contribution to this work.

Rights and permissions

Reprints and permissions

About this article

Check for updates. Verify currency and authenticity via CrossMark

Cite this article

Wang, L., Zhang, H., Leng, Y. et al. Effects of CaTiO3 on crystal structures and dielectric properties of Ba(Zn1/3Nb2/3)O3 ceramics via X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy. J Mater Sci: Mater Electron 25, 3403–3411 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-014-2032-x

Download citation

  • Received:

  • Accepted:

  • Published:

  • Issue Date:

  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10854-014-2032-x

Keywords

Search

Navigation