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Mangosteen peel-derived porous carbon: synthesis and its application in the sulfur cathode for lithium sulfur battery

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Abstract

Porous carbon with various structures from micropores (< 2 nm) to hierarchical pores (0–4 nm) was synthesized from biomass waste mangosteen peels via KOH activation process. Microporous carbon was obtained mainly at a low activation temperature of 700 °C or a low alkali/carbon of 3. Hierarchical porous carbon with ultrahigh surface area (> 3000 m2 g−1) and pore volume (> 1.4 cm3 g−1) was obtained at alkali/carbon ratio higher than 3.5 and activation temperature of 800 °C. Sulfur with a high content of 65 wt% was able to be fully accommodated into the pores of hierarchical porous carbon to form C/S composite cathode for lithium sulfur battery while in the case of microporous carbon, residual sulfur on carbon surface was detected. High specific discharge capacities of more than 800 mAh g−1 were achieved from hierarchical porous carbon/S composites at 0.5 C, and the sample synthesized at alkali/carbon of 4 and activation of 800 °C exhibits the best cycling performance. After 500 cycles at 0.5 C, a high discharge capacity of 509 mAh g−1 was maintained, indicating an excellent capacity retention. Relationship between pore characteristics of porous carbon and the electrochemical performance of its sulfur composite was discussed.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Clean Energy Automotive Engineering Center, School of Automotive Studies, Tongji University, Shanghai, 201804, People’s Republic of China

    Mingzhe Xue, Chen Chen, Yan Tan, Zhiwei Ren, Bing Li & Cunman Zhang

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  1. Mingzhe Xue
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  2. Chen Chen
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  3. Yan Tan
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Xue, M., Chen, C., Tan, Y. et al. Mangosteen peel-derived porous carbon: synthesis and its application in the sulfur cathode for lithium sulfur battery. J Mater Sci 53, 11062–11077 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-018-2370-9

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