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Green polyurethane nanocomposites from soy polyol and bacterial cellulose

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Abstract

With increased environmental concerns, fluctuations in oil prices, and dependency on oil, there has been an emergence in the use of biobased polyurethanes prepared with polyols derived from plant oils, such as soybean oil. In this study, novel polyurethane materials were synthesized using polyols obtained from soybean oils. The polyurethanes were produced by reacting the polyols with polymeric isocyanate with an isocyanate index of 100 at 150 °C for 2 h for complete curing. The mechanical properties of this biobased polyurethane were improved by incorporating novel nanosized cellulose produced from bacteria. The source of the bacterial cellulose nanofibrils was a commercially available food product nata-de-coco. A fine dispersion of the nanocellulose fibrils in biobased polyurethane matrix was achieved by using a high speed homogenizer at 30,000 rpm, which was observed by field emission transmission electron microscopy and scanning probe microscopy. The average diameter size of the cellulose fibers were determined to be 22 ± 5 nm by scanning probe microscopy. The flexural strength and modulus were improved even at 0.125 wt% bacterial cellulose concentration and the optimum nanocomposite was obtained with 0.250 wt% concentration due to good interaction of isocyanates and the cellulose. Dynamic mechanical analysis supported the flexural testing data for modulus values. Transparent thick nanocomposite samples show one additional advantage of the nanocomposite technology.

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Acknowledgements

MOS and AKM are thankful to the Ministry of Research and Innovation of Ontario, Canada, for the post-doctoral research fellowship. Partial financial supports from NSERC-Discovery Grant program individual (Mohanty) and The Ontario Ministry of Agriculture, Food and Rural Affairs (OMAFRA) and the University of Guelph-2009 Bioeconomy-Industrial Uses Research Program are greatly appreciated. Prof. John Dutcher and his group are acknowledged for the use of SPM facilities. The donation of novel soy-based biopolyols for this research by Arkema is greatly acknowledged.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Bioproducts Discovery & Development Centre (BDDC), Department of Plant Agriculture, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada

    M. Özgür Seydibeyoğlu, Manjusri Misra & Amar Mohanty

  2. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Izmir Katip Celebi University, Izmir, Turkey

    M. Özgür Seydibeyoğlu

  3. School of Engineering, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada

    Manjusri Misra & Amar Mohanty

  4. Polymer and Composite Engineering (PaCE) Group, Department of Chemical Engineering, Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London, SW7 AZ, UK

    Jonny J. Blaker, Koon-Yang Lee & Alexander Bismarck

  5. Arkema Inc., 157 Highway Avenue North, Blooming Prairie, MN, 55917, USA

    Mohammad Kazemizadeh

Authors
  1. M. Özgür Seydibeyoğlu
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  2. Manjusri Misra
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  3. Amar Mohanty
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  4. Jonny J. Blaker
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  5. Koon-Yang Lee
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  6. Alexander Bismarck
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  7. Mohammad Kazemizadeh
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Correspondence to Manjusri Misra.

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Seydibeyoğlu, M.Ö., Misra, M., Mohanty, A. et al. Green polyurethane nanocomposites from soy polyol and bacterial cellulose. J Mater Sci 48, 2167–2175 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-012-6992-z

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10853-012-6992-z

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