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Recent Landscape Archaeology in South America

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Abstract

South American archaeologists use the term landscape to analyze a broad range of relationships. Examples include intensive agriculture and political power, myth and place, and climate change and cultural development. Landscape archaeology is necessarily spatial analysis, but scholars work at different scales and use different methods. This essay highlights the influence of geography, anthropology, and new methodologies on four definitions of landscape: ecological habitat, built environment, a stage for performance, and integrating subsistence and settlement. In a number of cases, landscape archaeologists, stakeholders, and researchers from different traditions work at different scales to meaningfully share information, clarify their differences, and compare their analyses and conclusions.

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Acknowledgments

My interest in landscape archaeology has grown through conversation and advice from many friends and colleagues, in the classroom and the field: Clark Erickson, William Denevan, Kenneth Lee, Rodolfo Pinto Parada, Wendy Ashmore, Thomas Patterson, Bernard Wailes, Robert Langstroth, Dante Angelo, Marcello Canuto, Marcos Michel, Cynthia Robin, Jason Yaeger, Peter Stahl, Minette Church, Zachary Christman, Richard Burger, Michael Heckenberger, Brian Bauer, Paul Goldstein, Charles Stanish, and John Janusek. I was introduced to the Amazon on Clark Erickson’s field projects, and to South America by Tamara Bray and James Zeidler. I thank Georgina and Jaime Bocchietti in Bolivia for their years of hospitality. The editors and the excellent reviewers of the manuscript must be credited for their extraordinary diligence; the remaining errors are mine.

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  1. Department of Anthropology, University of Central Florida, 4000 Central Florida Boulevard, Howard Phillips Hall 309, Orlando, FL, 32816-1361, USA

    John H. Walker

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Walker, J.H. Recent Landscape Archaeology in South America. J Archaeol Res 20, 309–355 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10814-012-9057-6

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