Abstract
Associations between age, resting-state (RS) peak-alpha-frequency (PAF = frequency showing largest amplitude alpha activity), and thalamic volume (thalamus thought to modulate alpha activity) were examined to understand differences in RS alpha activity between children with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) and typically-developing children (TDC) noted in prior studies. RS MEG and structural-MRI data were obtained from 51 ASD and 70 TDC 6- to 18-year-old males. PAF and thalamic volume maturation were observed in TDC but not ASD. Although PAF was associated with right thalamic volume in TDC (R2 = 0.12, p = 0.01) but not ASD (R2 = 0.01, p = 0.35), this group difference was not large enough to reach significance. Findings thus showed unusual maturation of brain function and structure in ASD as well as an across-group thalamic contribution to alpha rhythms.
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Notes
Individuals on the autism spectrum, their parents, and professionals in the field differ regarding the use of person-first (e.g., children with ASD) or identity first (e.g., autistic child) language. With respect for divided opinions, both approaches to terminology are used (Kenny et al. 2016).
In the current sample, older children were more likely to have evaluable RS data. In particular, 76% of children ≥ 10 years old had evaluable RS data. The somewhat high rate of children with non-evaluable data is primarily due to the fact that in many of our early studies we collected only 2 min of eye-closed RS data. Increasing the length of the eyes-closed task to 5 + minutes has resulted in much higher success rates.
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Acknowledgments
The authors gratefully acknowledge the help and support of John Dell, Peter Lam, Rachel Golembski, Na‘Keisha Robinson, Erin Huppman, and Shivani Desai. This work was supported in part by NIH grant R01DC008871 (TR), R01MH107506 (JCE), R21MH098204 (JCE), R21 NS090192 (JCE), NICHD Grant R01HD093776 (JCE), and the Clinical Translational Core, Biostatistics & Bioinformatics Core and the Neuroimaging Core of the Intellectual and Developmental Disabilities Research Center funded by NICHD grant 5U54HD086984 (to RTS, TR and MP; principal investigator, M. Robinson, PhD). Dr. Roberts gratefully acknowledges the Oberkircher Family for the Oberkircher Family Chair in Pediatric Radiology at CHOP. Simon Koppers was funded by the International Research Training Group 2150 of the German Research Foundation (DFG).
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Dr. Berman reports a consultancy with McGowan Associates. Dr. Roberts declares his position on the advisory boards of (1) CTF MEG, (2) Ricoh, (3) Spago Nano Medical and (4) Prism Clinical Imaging. Dr. Roberts and Dr. Edgar also declare intellectual property relating to the potential use of electrophysiological markers for treatment planning in clinical ASD.
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Green, H.L., Dipiero, M., Koppers, S. et al. Peak Alpha Frequency and Thalamic Structure in Children with Typical Development and Autism Spectrum Disorder. J Autism Dev Disord 52, 103–112 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-021-04926-9
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10803-021-04926-9