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Anterior chamber flare and choroidal vascular index as inflammatory markers after uncomplicated phacoemulsification surgery

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Abstract

Purpose

To determine the effect of phacoemulsification surgery, which is one of the types of cataract surgery by using ultrasonic power to break up the crystalline lens and clean it with vacuum, on anterior chamber flare (ACF) and choroidal vascular index (CVI).

Methods

For this cross-sectional study, patients were included if they had cataract with nucleus hardness grade 2 or 3, no systemic inflammatory disease, and not use of anti-inflammatory drugs/prostaglandins preoperatively. ACF using a laser flare meter and CVI in patients underwent uncomplicated phacoemulsification was recorded preoperatively, on the postoperative 1st day, 1st week, and 1st month.

Results

Fifty-six eyes were included. ACF was 9.00 ± 2.90 ph/ms preoperatively. Although ACF increased significantly on postoperative day-1 (39.38 ± 23.31ph/ms) and decreased gradually until the 1st month (14.03 ± 6.03ph/ms) after the operation, it was still significantly higher at the 1st month (p < 0.001). Macular and peripapillary CVI increased significantly on postoperative day-1 (0.64 ± 0.03/0.63 ± 0.05) and week-1 (0.64 ± 0.04/0.62 ± 0.04) (p = 0.01, p < 0.001); the postoperative 1st month was similar to the preoperative one (0.59 ± 0.06/0.58 ± 0.06). The relationship between the change in ACF and the change in CVI was not significant.

Conclusion

Phacoemulsification causes raises in ACF and CVI due to increased intraocular inflammation. The fact that ACF was significantly higher in postoperative month-1 and CVI returned to its preoperative value suggests that the effect of uncomplicated phacoemulsification surgery on the increase in inflammation in the anterior segment lasts longer than in the posterior segment. These results suggest that ACF and CVI follow-up may be clinically important in the follow-up of postoperative inflammation.

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Data availability

The data that support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

Code availability

Not applicable.

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Funding

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Patnos State Hospital, Agri, Turkey

    Gülay Yalçınkaya Çakır

  2. Beyoglu Eye Training and Research Hospital, , University of Health Sciences Turkey, Bereketzade Street Number: 2, Beyoglu, Istanbul, Turkey

    Çiğdem Altan & İhsan Çakır

Authors
  1. Gülay Yalçınkaya Çakır
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  2. Çiğdem Altan
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  3. İhsan Çakır
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Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Material preparation, data collection, and analysis were performed by GYC and IC. The first draft of the manuscript was written by GYC, and all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Gülay Yalçınkaya Çakır.

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The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.

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All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki Declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

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Written informed consent was obtained from all individual participants who were included in the study.

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Yalçınkaya Çakır, G., Altan, Ç. & Çakır, İ. Anterior chamber flare and choroidal vascular index as inflammatory markers after uncomplicated phacoemulsification surgery. Int Ophthalmol 44, 35 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10792-024-02959-4

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