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Protective effect of gallic acid in experimental model of ketamine-induced psychosis: possible behaviour, biochemical, neurochemical and cellular alterations

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Abstract

Gallic acid has been reported to possess a number of psychopharmacological activities. These activities are attributed to the antioxidant potential due to the presence of phenolic moeity. The present study was carried out to investigate the protective effects of gallic acid in an experimental model of ketamine-induced psychosis in mice. Ketamine (50 mg/kg, i.p.) was used to induce stereotyped psychotic behavioural symptoms in mice. Behavioural studies (locomotor activity, stereotype behaviour, immobility duration and memory retention) were carried out to investigate the protective of gallic acid on ketamine-induced psychotic symptoms, followed by biochemical and neurochemical changes and cellular alterations in the brain. Chronic treatment with gallic acid for 15 consecutive days significantly attenuated stereotyped behavioural symptoms in mice. Biochemical estimations revealed that gallic acid reduced the lipid peroxidation and restored the total brain proteins. Furthermore, gallic acid remarkably reduced the dopamine levels, AChE activity and inflammatory surge (serum TNF-α), and increased the levels of GABA and increased glutathione in mice. The study revealed that gallic acid could ameliorate psychotic symptoms and biochemical changes in mice, indicating protective effects in psychosis.

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Acknowledgements

Authors are grateful to Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar, Haryana (India) for providing scholarship to Monu Yadav, one of the key investigator.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science and Technology, Hisar, 125001, India

    Monu Yadav, Deepak Kumar Jindal & Milind Parle

  2. University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, UGC Center of Advanced Study (UGC-CAS) in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India

    Mamta Sachdeva Dhingra & Anil Kumar

  3. Faculty of Medical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, The University of the West Indies, St. Augustine, Trinidad and Tobago

    Sameer Dhingra

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  1. Monu Yadav
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  2. Deepak Kumar Jindal
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  3. Mamta Sachdeva Dhingra
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  4. Anil Kumar
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  5. Milind Parle
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  6. Sameer Dhingra
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Correspondence to Sameer Dhingra.

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Yadav, M., Jindal, D.K., Dhingra, M.S. et al. Protective effect of gallic acid in experimental model of ketamine-induced psychosis: possible behaviour, biochemical, neurochemical and cellular alterations. Inflammopharmacol 26, 413–424 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10787-017-0366-8

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