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Resistance exercise and naproxen sodium: effects on a stable PGF2α metabolite and morphological adaptations of the upper body appendicular skeleton

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Abstract

Introduction

Exercise-induced inflammation has been shown to be necessary for successful skeletal muscle regeneration post-injury. Accordingly, numerous investigations have demonstrated consequences of COX-inhibitors, anti-inflammatory drugs which prevent prostaglandin formation. In addition to its roles in inflammation, prostaglandin F2α (PGF2α) also mediates vital regenerative processes The majority of research to report consequences of suppressing inflammation has utilized acute injury models in combination with acute COX-inhibitor administration. To address the limited research investigating regular consumption of COX-inhibitors over time in exercising humans, the purpose of this study was to determine effects of a non-selective COX-inhibitor on a PGF2α metabolite and morphological adaptations of the upper body appendicular skeleton during periodized resistance training. Twenty-three (N = 23) recreationally trained college-aged males were randomly assigned to receive placebo (n = 11) or naproxen sodium (n = 12). Treatments were prophylactically administered in double-blind fashion with supervised upper body resistance exercise performed twice per week for 6 weeks. Venous blood was sampled pre- and post-exercise and analyzed for 13, 14-dihydro-15-keto PGF2α using enzyme immunoassay. Factorial mixed-design repeated-measures ANOVAs were utilized to examine relative changes in the plasma PGF2α metabolite and upper body appendicular morphology over the training period.

Results

Naproxen sodium significantly reduced the acute PGF2α metabolite response to exercise (p = 0.013); however, this effect diminished over time (p = 0.02), and both treatment groups exhibited significant increases in dominant arm skeletal muscle tissue (p = 0.037).

Conclusion

Despite acute inhibition of the PGF2α metabolite at early time points, naproxen sodium did not hinder positive morphological adaptations of the upper body in response to resistance training.

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Acknowledgments

The authors would like to acknowledge Lisa Huggins, R.Ph. for assistance with pharmaceutical aspects and placebo design, Andrea Johnson, Ph.D. for DXA scanning, and the participants for full commitment to the study for the required time.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Physical Education, Health, and Recreation, Eastern Washington University, 200 Physical Education Building, Cheney, WA, 99004, USA

    Christi B. Brewer

  2. Department of Pharmacy Administration, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS, USA

    John P. Bentley

  3. Department of Biology, University of Mississippi, Oxford, MS, USA

    Lainy B. Day

  4. Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Mississippi, 308 Anderson Hall, Oxford, MS, USA

    Dwight E. Waddell

Authors
  1. Christi B. Brewer
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  2. John P. Bentley
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Correspondence to Christi B. Brewer.

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All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards.

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IRB approved informed consent was provided by all participants.

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Brewer, C.B., Bentley, J.P., Day, L.B. et al. Resistance exercise and naproxen sodium: effects on a stable PGF2α metabolite and morphological adaptations of the upper body appendicular skeleton. Inflammopharmacol 23, 319–327 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10787-015-0248-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10787-015-0248-x

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