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Treatment of Low Molecular Weight Heparin Inhibits Systemic Inflammation and Prevents Endotoxin-Induced Acute Lung Injury in Rats

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Abstract

To determine whether low molecular weight heparin (LMWH) is able to reduce pulmonary inflammation and improve the survival in rats with endotoxin-induced acute lung injury (ALI). Rat ALI model was reproduced by injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) into tail vein. Rats were divided randomly into three groups: control group, ALI group, LMWH-treated group. Blood was collected and lung tissue was harvested at the designated time points for analysis. The lung specimens were harvested for morphological studies, streptavidin-peroxidase immunohistochemistry examination. Lung tissue edema was evaluated by tissue water content. The levels of lung tissue myeloperoxidase (MPO) were determined. Meanwhile, the nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB) activation, tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β) levels and high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) protein levels in the lung were studied. In survival studies, a separate group of rats were treated with LMWH or sterile saline after LPS administration. Then, the mortality was recorded. Treatment with LMWH after ALI was associated with a reduction in the severity of LPS-induced lung injury. Treatment with LMWH significantly decreased the expression of TNF-α, IL-1β, HMGB1 and ICAM-1 in the lung of ALI rats. Similarly, treatment with LMWH dramatically diminished LPS-induced neutrophil sequestration and markedly reduced the enhanced lung permeability. In the present study, LMWH administration inhibited the nuclear translocation of NF-κB in the lung. Survival was significantly higher among the LMWH-treated group compared with the ALI group. These data suggest that LMWH attenuates inflammation and prevents lethality in endotoxemic rats.

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Abbreviations

ALI:

acute lung injury

HMGB1:

high mobility group box 1

ICAM-1:

intercellular adhesion molecule-1

MPO:

myeloperoxidase

NF-κB:

nuclear factor-kappa B

TNF-α:

tumor necrosis factor-α

IL-1β:

interleukin-1β

ELISA:

enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay

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Acknowledgment

The authors thank Dr. Nan Liu (Center of Laboratory Technology and Experimental Medicine; China Medical University) for expert technical support. This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 30901438).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Intensive Care Unit, The First Hospital of China Medical University, 155 Nanjing North Street, Shenyang, 110001, Liaoning Province, China

    Zheng-Gang Luan & Xiao-Chun Ma

  2. Department of Intensive Care Unit, The State Central Hospital of Mongolia, Ulaanbaatar, Mongolia

    Mendsaikhan Naranpurev

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  1. Zheng-Gang Luan
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  2. Mendsaikhan Naranpurev
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Correspondence to Zheng-Gang Luan.

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Luan, ZG., Naranpurev, M. & Ma, XC. Treatment of Low Molecular Weight Heparin Inhibits Systemic Inflammation and Prevents Endotoxin-Induced Acute Lung Injury in Rats. Inflammation 37, 924–932 (2014). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10753-014-9812-6

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