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Erythrocyte damage of crucian carp (Carassius auratus) caused by microcystin-LR: in vitro study

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Abstract

Fish suffer from anemia and hypovolemic hypotensive shock after in vivo exposure with microcystins. However, except for in vivo causes for anemia and hypotension, an in vitro study of fish erythrocytes exposed to MC is necessary. For a better understanding of hematology toxicity of MC, the main aim of the present study was to investigate the toxic effects of microcystin on fish erythrocytes in vitro. Crucian carp erythrocytes were incubated in vitro with microcystin-LR (MC-LR) at doses of 0, 1, 10, 100 and 1,000 nM. The level of lipid peroxidate significantly increased in MC-LR treatment groups. Glutathione decreased after exposure to MC-LR. The activities of antioxidative enzymes, including superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase and glutathione-S-transferase, were significantly increased after exposure with MC-LR. The hemolysis was significantly increased, while the activities of acetylcholinesterase, Na+–K+-ATPase and Ca2+–Mg2+-ATPase were significantly decreased. In addition, pathological alterations in agglomerated and jagged erythrocytes were observed in blood smears. The findings indicate that damages to erythrocytes should also be responsible for anemia and hypotensive shock or even death.

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Acknowledgments

We would like to express our sincere thanks to Dr. Patrick Kestemont and anonymous reviewers for their useful comments and suggestions on the manuscript. This study is funded by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 30800160) and the Natural Science Foundation for Distinguished Young Scholars of Hubei Province (No. 2010CDA095).

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  1. Fisheries College of Huazhong Agricultural University, Lion Hill Street 1, Wuhan, 430070, People’s Republic of China

    Wenshan Zhou, Hualei Liang & Xuezhen Zhang

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  1. Wenshan Zhou
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  2. Hualei Liang
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Correspondence to Xuezhen Zhang.

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Wenshan Zhou and Hualei Liang have equally contributed to this work.

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Zhou, W., Liang, H. & Zhang, X. Erythrocyte damage of crucian carp (Carassius auratus) caused by microcystin-LR: in vitro study. Fish Physiol Biochem 38, 849–858 (2012). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10695-011-9572-2

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