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Effects of dietary riboflavin levels on antioxidant defense of the juvenile grouper Epinephelus coioides

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Abstract

This study was conducted to evaluate the effects of dietary riboflavin on antioxidant defense in the juvenile grouper Epinephelus coioides. Graded levels of riboflavin (0.9, 1.6, 4.4, 6.7, 12.9 and 19.4 mg kg−1 dry diet) were fed to grouper juveniles (mean weight: 14.90 ± 0.46 g) for 12 weeks. Higher levels of liver thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) content were observed in grouper fed low doses (0.9 and 1.6 mg kg−1 diet) of riboflavin. Both liver glutathione reductase (GR) activity and its activation coefficient (GR-AC) poorly responded to riboflavin deficiency. In addition, other indices of the glutathione-dependent defense system, including the activities of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-PX) and glutathione-S-transferase (GST), and the content of glutathione (GSH), were also non-significantly affected by dietary riboflavin levels. However, the activities of liver superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase (CAT) were significantly lower in fish fed 0.9 mg kg−1 diet, with a positive correlation between the different groups. In conclusion, the present study indicated that the juvenile grouper fed the riboflavin-unsupplemented diet was susceptible to lipid peroxidation (LPO), with lower SOD and CAT activities in the liver. However, the glutathione-dependent defense system of grouper was not affected by dietary riboflavin levels.

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Abbreviations

CAT:

Catalase

FAD:

Flavin adenine dinucleotide

FMN:

Flavin mononucleotide

GR:

Glutathione reductase

GR-AC:

The activation coefficient of GR

GSH:

Glutathione

GSH-PX:

Glutathione peroxidase

GSSG:

Glutathione disulfide

GST:

Glutathione-S-transferase

LPO:

Lipid peroxidation

ROS:

Reactive oxygen species

SOD:

Superoxide dismutase

TBARS:

Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances

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Acknowledgements

This project was supported by the Key Technologies R&D Program during the 11th 5-year plan, China (grant no. 2006BAD03B03).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institute of Aquatic Economic Animals, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, 135 Xingang West Street, Haizhu District, Guangzhou, 510275, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China

    Junwa Huang, Lixia Tian, Huijun Yang & Yongjian Liu

  2. Key Laboratory of Marine Bio-resources Sustainable Utilization, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, People’s Republic of China

    Xiangyun Wu

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  1. Junwa Huang
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  2. Lixia Tian
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  3. Xiangyun Wu
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Correspondence to Yongjian Liu.

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Huang, J., Tian, L., Wu, X. et al. Effects of dietary riboflavin levels on antioxidant defense of the juvenile grouper Epinephelus coioides . Fish Physiol Biochem 36, 55–62 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10695-008-9279-1

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