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Stellar masks and bisector’s shape for M-type stars observed in the GAPS programme with HARPS-N at TNG

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Abstract

The HARPS/HARPS-N Data Reduction Software (DRS) relies on the cross-correlation between the observed spectra and a suitable stellar mask to compute a cross-correlation function (CCF) to be used both for the radial velocity (RV) computation and as an indicator of stellar lines asymmetry, induced for example by the stellar activity. Unfortunately the M2 mask currently used by the HARPS/HARPS-N DRS for M-type stars results in heavily distorted CCFs. We created several new stellar masks in order to decrease the errors in the RVs and to improve the reliability of the activity indicators as the bisector’s span. We obtained very good results with a stellar mask created from the theoretical line list provided by the VALD3 database for an early M-type star (Teff= 3500 K and \(\log {g}=4.5\)). The CCF’s shape and relative activity indicators improved and the RV time-series allowed us to recover known exoplanets with periods and amplitudes compatible with the results obtained with HARPS-TERRA.

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Notes

  1. https://www.ia2.inaf.it

  2. http://vald.astro.univie.ac.at/∼vald3/php/vald.php

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Acknowledgements

M.R. acknowledges financial support from INAF through the competitive project ”FRONTIERA-2016”. The authors thank the following people for useful comments and insights: J. Maldonado Prado, M. Pinamonti, A. Bignamini, G. Bruno, S. Benatti, E. Poretti.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. INAF-OAA, Largo E. Fermi 5, 50125, Florence, Italy

    Monica Rainer

  2. INAF-OAB, via Brera 28, 20121, Milan, Italy

    Francesco Borsa

  3. INAF-OAPa, Piazza del Parlamento 1, Palermo, Italy

    Laura Affer

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  1. Monica Rainer
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  2. Francesco Borsa
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  3. Laura Affer
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Correspondence to Monica Rainer.

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Based on observations made with the Italian Telescopio Nazionale Galileo (TNG) operated on the island of La Palma by the Fundacion Galileo Galilei of the INAF at the Spanish Observatorio Roque de los Muchachos of the IAC in the frame of the program Global Architecture of the Planetary Systems (GAPS).

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Rainer, M., Borsa, F. & Affer, L. Stellar masks and bisector’s shape for M-type stars observed in the GAPS programme with HARPS-N at TNG. Exp Astron 49, 73–84 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10686-020-09654-z

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