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Genetic and genomic resources in guar: a review

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Abstract

Guar, [Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (L.) Taub] is an annual summer legume that is widely grown in arid and semi-arid regions. It is a diploid legume (2n = 2x = 14) with a genome size of approximately 560 Mb. Guar can fix atmospheric nitrogen via a symbiotic process with rhizobial bacteria, thus enhancing soil fertility and decreasing the need for the use of expensive nitrogen (N) fertilizers. Guar is a drought- and heat-tolerant crop and can be grown using minimal agricultural inputs. Guar can be used as vegetable, feed/fodder, or green manure. One of the primary driving factors for guar cultivation is galactomannan gum, known as guar gum, found in the seed endosperm. Guar gum has various industrial uses that range from cosmetic applications, food ingredients, to the oil industries. India is the lead guar production and accounts for more than 80% of the world production. The U.S. is the world largest guar market. This review discusses the status of genomic resources in guar, the progress made for germplasm evaluation of various agronomic traits, and the genetic engineering efforts in guar.

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Acknowledgements

This work is supported by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture Hatch Project Accession Number 1025956 and the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture Award No. 2018-67019-27873.

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Ravelombola, W., Manley, A., Adams, C. et al. Genetic and genomic resources in guar: a review. Euphytica 217, 199 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-021-02929-2

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