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Multi-environmental evaluation of maize hybrids developed from tropical and temperate lines

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Abstract

Agronomic performance of maize is subject to genotype-by-environment interaction (GEI), necessitating multi-environment evaluation to identify superior genotypes. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the adaptation range of hybrids developed from crossing tropical with temperate maize lines for improving yield stability and select hybrids with broad and specific adaptation in five sites across South Africa and Zimbabwe. One hundred and seventeen genotypes were evaluated using a 9 × 13 alpha lattice design with two replications. The additive main effects and multiplicative interaction (AMMI) analysis showed that effects of genotypes (G), environments (E) and their interaction (GEI) on grain yield were significant (p ≤ 0.001). The G and GEI effects accounted for 36.67% of the total variation. Hybrids 18C2542 (mean grain yield 6.12 t/ha), SC727 (7.05 t/ha), SC410 (5.16 t/ha), and 18C2572 (7.55 t/ha) were identified as superior for Potchefstroom, Panmure, Rattray Arnold Research Stations and the AU-DRS mega-environment, respectively. Hybrids 18C2550 (mean grain yield 7.24 t/ha), 18C2578 (7.42 t/ha), 18C2538 (7.12 t/ha) and 18C2546 (7.39 t/ha) exhibited high grain yield and broad stability.t The Africa University (AU) site in Zimbabwe and Dundee Research Station (DRS) in South Africa were clustered in one mega-environment, indicating that they were correlated. The study reveals that hybrids generated from temperate × tropical inbred lines could be useful for replacing currently used poor performing commercial hybrids. The hybrids 18C2545, 18C2577, 18C2578, 18C2546, 18C2550, 18C2579, 18C2535 and 18C2572 exhibited superiority over commercial hybrids and were recommended for further yield tests and cultivar replacement.

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Acknowledgements

This research was financially supported by Seed Co Limited. The authors are grateful to the research staff of various sites used in the study for the overall technical assistance. The Institute for Soil, Climate and Water (ISCW) of the Agricultural Research Council (ARC)/South Africa are acknowledged for providing weather data.

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  1. School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, P Bag X01 Scottsville, Pietermaritzburg, 3209, South Africa

    Malven Mushayi & John Derera

  2. School of Agricultural, Earth and Environmental Sciences, African Centre for Crop Improvement, University of KwaZulu-Natal, P Bag X01, Scottsville, Pietermaritzburg, 3209, South Africa

    Hussein Shimelis, Admire I. T. Shayanowako & Isack Mathew

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  1. Malven Mushayi
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Mushayi, M., Shimelis, H., Derera, J. et al. Multi-environmental evaluation of maize hybrids developed from tropical and temperate lines. Euphytica 216, 84 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-020-02618-6

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