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Genetic analysis of sugar yield and physiological traits in sugar beet under salinity stress conditions

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Abstract

Salinity is one of the most important constraints in sugar beet production in Asia. An understanding the genetic basis of sugar beet (Beta vulgaris) performance under salinity stress is crucial to gaining insight into salinity tolerance trajectories as well as to designing appropriate breeding strategies in saline stress conditions. In this study, a mating design (North Carolina Design II) was used to generate 116 hybrid combinations (29 × 4) from four male sterile and ten pollinator parents in sugar beet. Genetic variance components, combining ability, and heritability of 24 physiological and root yield and quality related traits were estimated by growing the hybrids and their 14 parents under normal and salinity stress conditions in the field. The results showed high genetic variation among the tested populations for most of traits. Estimates of genetic components for root, sugar and white sugar yield showed higher contribution of the dominance variance (\( \upsigma_{\text{D}}^{2} \)) than the additive variance (\( \upsigma_{\text{A}}^{2} \)) in both growing conditions, but with much greater magnitude of the \( \upsigma_{\text{D}}^{2} \) values observed for saline conditions. Narrow-sense heritability (Hn) was generally higher in stress environment for physiological traits compared to those of normal ones and the reverse held true for the yield traits. The results of general combining ability (GCA)for the yield traits showed a non-consistent trend across normal and stress environments. Both GCA and specific combining ability (SCA) were found to be important for the performance of individual hybrid combinations, and no clear relationship between GCA and SCA was found for these sugar beet genotypes. Given the higher impact of dominance variance and the lower narrow sense heritability of sugar yield in saline conditions compared to normal conditions, it can be concluded that hybrid breeding strategy should be more favored in saline environments than normal environments.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Horticulture Crops Research Department, Isfahan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, (AREEO), Isfahan, Iran

    Zahra Abbasi & Amirhooshang Jalali

  2. Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, College of Agriculture, Isfahan University of Technology, Isfahan, 84156-83111, Iran

    Ahmad Arzani & Mohammad Mahdi Majidi

  3. Sugar Beet Seed Institute (SBSI), Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran

    Abazar Rajabi

Authors
  1. Zahra Abbasi
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  2. Ahmad Arzani
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  3. Mohammad Mahdi Majidi
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  4. Abazar Rajabi
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  5. Amirhooshang Jalali
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Correspondence to Zahra Abbasi.

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Abbasi, Z., Arzani, A., Majidi, M.M. et al. Genetic analysis of sugar yield and physiological traits in sugar beet under salinity stress conditions. Euphytica 215, 99 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-019-2422-5

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