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Population structure analysis and association mapping for iron deficiency chlorosis in worldwide cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp) germplasm

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Abstract

Cowpea (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) is a legume consumed for its high protein content. It provides nutrient-dense food opportunities for human consumption. Iron deficiency chlorosis (IDC) manifests as yellowing of the leaves and reduced plant growth, resulting in reduced yield potential. Use of IDC tolerant cowpea cultivars is an efficient method to address this problem. The objectives of this study were to conduct a population structure analysis, to carry out an association mapping study, and to identify SNP markers associated with IDC tolerance in cowpea. A total of 353 cowpea accessions were evaluated for tolerance/susceptibly to low soluble iron conditions on higher pH soils. A total of 1006 SNP markers postulated from genotyping-by-sequencing were used after filtering for population structure and association analysis studies. Results revealed that: (1) a substantial variability in degree of tolerance to low soluble iron conditions was found among the cowpea accessions; (2) delta K peak was identified at K equal to 2, indicating two subpopulations within the cowpea accessions tested for adaptation to IDC, a second delta peak corresponding to K equal to 3 was also found; and (3) nine SNP markers, C35081162_3130, Scaffold16136_2033, Scaffold1764_4741, Scaffold18262_4480, Scaffold30165_15499, Scaffold47194_5530, Scaffold73235_6677, Scaffold77932_9959, and Scaffold86559_7193, were significantly associated with IDC tolerance in cowpea. These results can be used as tools to select cowpea genotypes tolerant to IDC under low soluble iron conditions.

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Acknowledgements

This work was supported, in part, by the USDA National Institute of Food and Agriculture Hatch Project Accession No. 1002423.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Horticulture, 316 PTSC, University of Arkansas, Fayetteville, AR, 72701, USA

    Waltram Ravelombola, Jun Qin, Ainong Shi, Yuejin Weng, Gehendra Bhattarai, Lingdi Dong & Wei Yang

  2. Department of Horticultural Sciences, 2133 TAMU, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA

    J. Creighton Miller Jr. & Douglas C. Scheuring

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  1. Waltram Ravelombola
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  2. Jun Qin
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  3. Ainong Shi
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  4. J. Creighton Miller Jr.
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  5. Douglas C. Scheuring
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  6. Yuejin Weng
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  7. Gehendra Bhattarai
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  8. Lingdi Dong
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  9. Wei Yang
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Correspondence to Ainong Shi.

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Table S1

Cowpea accession, origin of cowpea accessions, tolerance to iron-deficiency, and iron-deficiency chlorosis scores. (XLSX 18 kb)

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Ravelombola, W., Qin, J., Shi, A. et al. Population structure analysis and association mapping for iron deficiency chlorosis in worldwide cowpea (Vigna unguiculata (L.) Walp) germplasm. Euphytica 214, 96 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-018-2176-5

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