Abstract
The soybean aphid, Aphis glycines Matsumura, is a pest of soybean [Glycine max L. (Merrill)] in Asia, and its recent establishment in North America has led to large, recurring outbreaks that have challenged pest management practitioners there to seek environmentally responsible means for its control. Growth-chamber experiments were conducted to determine and characterize host-plant resistance among several soybean accessions. Soybean plants were first screened for resistance by rating the population growth of A. glycines in two tests. All plants of PI 230977 and 25% of PI 71506 plants were resistant (≤100 aphids per plant) in the first screening test. All ‘Dowling’, PI 71506 and PI 230977 were resistant (≤150 aphids per plant), and 50% of plants of line ‘G93-9223’ were resistant in the second test. Follow-up experiments showed that antixenosis was a modality of resistance based on reduced nymphiposition by A. glycines on Dowling, PI 230977 and PI 71506 in no-choice tests and on fewer numbers of A. glycines on Dowling, PI 230977, PI 71506 and G93-5223 in distribution tests. Antixenosis in Dowling and PI 230977 was stronger in the unifoliolate leaves than in other shoot structures, whereas distribution of A. glycines within plants of PI 71506 and G93-5223 suggested comparable suitability between unifoliolate leaves and other shoot structures of these accessions. Antibiosis to A. glycines was evident as a lower proportion of aphids that reproduced on PI 230977 and from fewer progeny on PI 230977 and Dowling than on 91B91. The number of days from birth to reproduction by A. glycines did not differ among accessions. Results confirmed Dowling and PI 71506 as strong sources of resistance to A. glycines. The levels of antixenosis and antibiosis to A. glycines in PI 230977 and antixenosis to A. glycines in G93-9223 suggest that these accessions may also be valuable to soybean breeding programs as sources of resistance.
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Acknowledgments
Eric Beckendorf, David Mills, Joshua Pedro, and Ryan Rubbelke provided technical assistance. Paul Evenson, Mark West, and Michael Lehman provided advice regarding statistical analyses. The National Soybean Collection, USDA-ARS, and Michael Catangui, South Dakota State University, supplied seed of some soybean accessions. Kelley Tilmon, Roy Scott, Eric Beckendorf, and Lauren Hesler graciously reviewed drafts of this paper. The article reports the results of research only. Mention of a trademark or a proprietary product does not constitute a guarantee or warranty of the product by the USDA and does not imply its approval to the exclusion of other products that may also be suitable.
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Hesler, L.S., Dashiell, K.E. & Lundgren, J.G. Characterization of resistance to Aphis glycines in soybean accessions. Euphytica 154, 91–99 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-006-9273-6
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10681-006-9273-6