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Geochemical behavior of rare earth elements in agricultural soils along the Syr Darya River within the Aral Sea Basin

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Abstract

The widespread use of rare earth elements (REEs) across various industries makes them a new type of pollutant. Additionally, REEs are powerful indicators of geochemical processes. As one of the two main rivers in the Aral Sea, identifying the geochemical behavior of REEs in agricultural soils of the Syr Darya River is of great significance for subsequent indicative studies. In this study, the geochemical characteristics, influencing factors, and potential application significance of REEs in agricultural soils from three sampling areas along the Syr Darya River were analyzed using soil geography and elemental geochemical analyses. The results showed that the highest total concentration of REEs in the agricultural soil was in Area I, with a mean value of 142.49 μg/g, followed by Area III with a mean value of 124.56 μg/g, and the lowest concentration was in Area II with a mean value of 122.48 μg/g. The agricultural soils in the three regions were enriched in light rare earth elements (LREEs), with mean L/H values of 10.54, 10.13, and 10.24, respectively. The differentiation between light and heavy rare earth elements (HREEs) was also high. The concentration of REEs in agricultural soil along the Syr Darya River was primarily influenced by minerals such as monazite and zircon, rather than human activities (the pollution index of all REEs was less than 1.5). The relationship between Sm and Gd can differentiate soils impacted by agricultural activities from natural background soils. The results of this study can serve as a basis for indicative studies of REEs in Central Asia.

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Data availability

The data used to support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon request.

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Funding

This research was funded by the Tianshan Talent Training Program (2023TSYCCX0083), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (42171014), and the High-Level Training Project of Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences (E050030101).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. State Key Laboratory of Desert and Oasis Ecology, Key Laboratory of Ecological Safety and Sustainable Development in Arid Lands, Xinjiang Institute of Ecology and Geography, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China

    Yizhen Li, Tao Zeng, Jilili Abuduwaili & Long Ma

  2. Research Center for Ecology and Environment of Central Asia, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Urumqi, 830011, China

    Yizhen Li, Galymzhan Saparov, Tao Zeng, Jilili Abuduwaili & Long Ma

  3. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China

    Yizhen Li, Tao Zeng, Jilili Abuduwaili & Long Ma

  4. Kazakh Research Institute of Soil Science and Agrochemistry Named After U. U. Uspanov, Almaty, 050060, Kazakhstan

    Galymzhan Saparov

  5. Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Water Cycle and Utilization in Arid Zone, Urumqi, 830011, China

    Long Ma

Authors
  1. Yizhen Li
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  2. Galymzhan Saparov
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  3. Tao Zeng
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  4. Jilili Abuduwaili
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  5. Long Ma
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Contributions

Yizhen Li: writing—original draft; conceptualization; methodology; formal analysis; writing—review and editing. Galymzhan Saparov: validation, investigation. Tao Zeng: validation, investigation. Jilili Abuduwaili: writing—review and editing; conceptualization; project administration; funding acquisition. Long Ma: writing—review and editing; conceptualization; formal analysis.

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Correspondence to Long Ma.

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Li, Y., Saparov, G., Zeng, T. et al. Geochemical behavior of rare earth elements in agricultural soils along the Syr Darya River within the Aral Sea Basin. Environ Monit Assess 196, 493 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-024-12647-6

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