Abstract
To gain a better understanding of the sources and ecological effects of plastic contamination in Lithuanian rivers, as well as to provide guidance for mitigation, monitoring is necessary. This is a logistically and financially demanding endeavor, particularly in the case of microplastics. Citizen science provides a viable option for sampling sites that are accessible, thus enabling the monitoring of wide areas. In Lithuania, a citizen science approach was employed, with schoolchildren examining litter at riversides and identifying potential sources at 24 sampling sites in Autumn 2022 and 32 in Spring 2023, covering both large and small rivers. The maximum amount of 220 items per location was registered in Autumn 2022, whereas 111 items per location were registered in Spring 2023. The two main types of microlitter discovered were plastic (34–42%) and cigarette butts (17–22%), with glass, paper, and metal also present, which suggests that recreational visitors are the main source of litter. By K-means clustering analysis, all locations were divided into four clusters according to litter composition. To sum up, the findings of this study illustrate the importance of citizen science in providing insight into the contamination of Lithuanian rivers, which can be used to inform the development of conservation strategies.
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Data Availability
The data used to support the findings of this study are available from the corresponding author upon request.
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Acknowledgements
We would like to thank the schools, teachers, and students who participated in the Plastic Pirates project and helped collect data on litter pollution along the Lithuanian riverbanks. Also, we would like to thank the Lithuanian non-formal education agency for the opportunity to join the Plastic Pirates Lietuva project.
Funding
This project received funding from The Ministry of Education, Science and Sport in Lithuania.
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Ieva Uogintė: writing, original draft preparation, analysis; Steigvilė Byčenkienė: writing—review and editing, supervision; Mehri Davtalab: software, analysis; Radvilė Markevičiūtė: conceptualization, data curation, review, and editing. All authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.
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Uogintė, I., Byčenkienė, S., Davtalab, M. et al. Exploring the abundance and characteristics of litter in Lithuanian riversides: a citizen science approach. Environ Monit Assess 196, 324 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-024-12503-7
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-024-12503-7