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The use of integrative tools and multiple models for aquatic environmental quality assessment: a case study of the Mirim Lagoon, Southern Brazil

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Abstract

This study performed toxicity assays with microalgae, microcrustaceans, and fish as well as evaluated biochemical and behavioral biomarkers in fish and microcrustaceans to assess the quality of the surface water of Mirim Lagoon, which belongs to one of the largest hydrographic basins in the world, located in southern Brazil. Three distinct sampling periods were chosen (January, March, and June 2022) based on the rice plantation dynamics which is the main activity surrounding the lagoon. In January, the plantation is irrigated; in March, the water is drained into the Mirim Lagoon, and July is the off-season. Concerning toxicity tests, there was significant inhibition in microalgae growth when exposed to water collected in March, but no mortality was observed for Ceriodaphia dubia, Daphnia magna, and Danio rerio. Regarding biomarkers, behavioral variables contributed more to the higher values of the Integrated Biomarker Response (IBR) index for both D. magna and D. rerio, in March. The Redundancy Analysis (RDA) indicated a correlation between the biomarkers for both organisms and abiotic parameters, mainly nutrients (total phosphorus and total nitrogen), thermotolerant coliforms, total solids, and turbidity. Spatially, there was no difference during monitoring, but the most significant ecotoxicological effects were observed in March. Multivariate analysis and the IBR index proved to be useful tools for monitoring of water bodies such as Mirim Lagoon.

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The data relevant to this study is included in the article or supplementary material. Other data may be made available by the corresponding author upon reasonable request.

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Acknowledgements

We are grateful to Agência de Desenvolvimento da Lagoa Mirim (ALM) for help with sample collection and to the Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior – CAPES – cod. 001 for the Josiane Araujo da Silva scholarship.

Funding

Camila de Martinez Gaspar Martins is a research fellow from Brazilian CNPq – Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (PQ # 312898/2020–7). Ednei Gilberto Primel received a productivity research fellowship from the CNPq (DT 305716/2020–4).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Programa de Pós Graduação em Biologia de Ambientes Aquáticos Continentais, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Av, Itália Km 8, Rio Grande, RS, 96203-900, Brazil

    Josiane Araujo da Silva & Camila de Martinez Gaspar Martins

  2. Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Programa de Pós Graduação em Ciências Fisiológicas, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Av Itália Km 8, Rio Grande, RS, 96203-900, Brazil

    Mariana da Fountoura Martins, Thays de Andrade Guedes & Camila de Martinez Gaspar Martins

  3. Centro de Desenvolvimento Tecnológico, Núcleo de Ensino, Pesquisa e Extensão em Hidrometria e Sedimentologia para o Manejo de Bacias Hidrográficas (NEPE-HIDROSEDI), Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Rua Gomes Carneiro 01, Pelotas, RS, 96010-610, Brazil

    Gilberto Loguercio Collares & Marília Guidotti Corrêa

  4. Escola de Química e Alimentos, Programa de Pós Graduação em Química Tecnológica e Ambiental, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande, Av Itália Km 8, Rio Grande, RS, 96203-900, Brazil

    Ednei Gilberto Primel & Marília Guidotti Corrêa

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  1. Josiane Araujo da Silva
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  2. Mariana da Fountoura Martins
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  3. Thays de Andrade Guedes
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  7. Camila de Martinez Gaspar Martins
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Contributions

JAS: research design, experiments, data analysis, results interpretation, and manuscript preparation. MFM: data analysis, results interpretation, and manuscript—review and editing. TAG: experiments and manuscript—review and editing. GLC: analysis of physicochemical parameters and manuscript—review. EGP: research design and manuscript—review. MGC: analysis of physicochemical parameters and manuscript—review. CMGM: research design, study supervision, funding, results interpretation, and manuscript—review and editing. All authors have read and approved the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Camila de Martinez Gaspar Martins.

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da Silva, J.A., Martins, M.d., Guedes, T.d. et al. The use of integrative tools and multiple models for aquatic environmental quality assessment: a case study of the Mirim Lagoon, Southern Brazil. Environ Monit Assess 196, 200 (2024). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10661-024-12336-4

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