Abstract
Ultraviolet-B radiation (UV-B) is inherent part of solar spectrum and tropospheric ozone (O3) is a potent secondary air pollutant. Therefore the present study was conducted to evaluate the responses of Helianthus annuus L. cvs DRSF 108 and Sungold (sunflower) to supplemental UV-B (sUV-B; ambient + 7.2 kJ m−2 d−1) and elevated ozone (O3; ambient + 10 ppb), given singly and in combination under field conditions using open-top chambers. The individual and interactive effects of O3 and sUV-B induced varying changes in both the cultivars of sunflower ranging from ultrastructural variations to growth, biomass, yield and oil composition. Reduction in leaf area of Sungold acted as a protective feature which minimized the perception of sUV-B as well as uptake of O3 thus led to lesser carbon loss compared to DRSF 108. Number- and weight of heads plant−1 decreased although more in Sungold with decline of oil content. Both the stresses when given singly and combination induced rancidification of oil and thus made the oil less suitable for human consumption.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Agrawal SB, Rathore D, Singh A (2004) Effects of supplemental ultraviolet-B and mineral nutrients on growth, biomass allocation and yield of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). Trop Ecol 45:315–325
Ambasht NK, Agrawal M (2003) Effects of enhanced UV-B radiation and tropospheric ozone on physiological and biochemical characteristics of field grown wheat. Biol Plant 47(4):625–628
Barkan L, Evans MA, Edwards GE (2006) Increasing UV-B induces biphasic leaf cell expansion in Phaseolus vulgaris, suggesting multiple mechanisms for controlling plant growth. Photochem Photobiol 82(6):1612–1620
Barnes JD, Percy KE, Paul ND, Jones P, McLaughlin CK, Mullineaux PM, Creissen G, Wellburn AR (1996) The influence of UV-B radiation on the physicochemical nature of tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum L.) leaf surfaces. J Exp Bot 47(1):99–109
Baumbusch LO, Eiblmeier M, Schnitzler J-P, Heller W, Sandermann H Jr, Polle A (1998) Interactive effects of ozone and low UV-B radiation on antioxidants in spruce (Picea abies) and pine (Pinus sylvestris) needles. Physiol Plant 104(2):248–25
Bell JNB, Ashmore MR (1986) Design and construction of open top chambers and methods of filteration (equipment and cost). In Proceedings of II European open top chambers workshop
Black VJ, Black CR, Roberts JA, Stewart CA (2000) Impact of ozone on the reproductive development of plants. New Phytol 147(3):421–447
Bosac C, Black VJ, Black CR, Roberts JA, Lockwood F (1993) Impact of O3 and SO2 on reproductive development in oilseed rape (Brassica napus L.). I. Pollen germination and pollen tube growth. New Phytol 124(3):439–446
Bréhélin C, Kessler F (2008) The plastoglobule: a bag full of lipid biochemistry tricks. Photochem Photobiol 84(6):1388–1394
Brinkman K, Blaschke L, Polle A (2002) Comparison of different methods for lignin determination as a basis for calibration of near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy and implication of lignoprotein. J Chem Ecol 28:2484–2501
Bruce RJ, West CA (1989) Elicitation of lignin biosynthesis and isoperoxidase activity by pectic fragments in suspension cultures of castor bean. Plant Physiol 91(3):889–897
Cabane C, Coldefy AS, Yeow K, Dérijard B (2004) The p38 pathway regulates Akt both at the protein and transcriptional activation levels during myogenesis. Cell Signal 16(12):1405–1415
Chopra SL, Kanwar JS (1991) Analytical Agricultural Chemistry, fourth ed. Kalyani Publishers, Ludhiana, India, p 421
Chaudhary N, Agrawal SB (2013) Intraspecific responses of six Indian clover cultivars under ambient and elevated levels of ozone. Environ Sci Pollut Res 20(8):5318–5329
Choudhary KK, Agrawal SB (2015) Effect of elevated ultraviolet-B on four tropical soybean cultivars: quantitative and qualitative aspects with special emphasis on gas exchange, chlorophyll fluorescence, biomass and yield. Acta Physiol Plant 37(2):31
Conner JK, Neumeier R (2002) The effects of ultraviolet-B radiation and intraspecific competition on growth, pollination success, and lifetime female fitness in Phacelia campanularia and P. purshii (Hydrophyllaceae). Am J Bot 89(1):103–110
Dubois M, Gilles KA, Hamilton JK, Rebers PT, Smith F (1956) Colorimetric method for determination of sugars and related substances. Anal Chem 28(3):350–356
Elkiey T, Ormrod DP (1980) Response of turfgrass cultivars to ozone, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen dioxide, or their mixture. J Am Soc Hortic Sci 105(5):664–668
Farrar JF (1989) The carbon balance of fast-growing and slow-growing species. Causes and consequence of variation in growth rate and productivity of higher plants 1:241–245
Feder WA, Shrier R (1990) Combination of UV-B. and ozone reduces pollen tube growth more than either stress alone. Environ Exp Bot 30(4):451–454
Flagella Z, Giuliani MM, Rotunno T, Di Caterina R, De Caro A (2004) Effect of saline water on oil yield and quality of a high oleic sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) hybrid. Eur J Agron 21(2):267–272
Frey B, Scheidegger C, Günthardt‐Goerg MS, Matyssek R (1996) The effects of ozone and nutrient supply on stomatal response in birch (Betula pendula) leaves as determined by digital image‐analysis and X‐ray microanalysis. New Phytol 132(1):135–143
Gao W, Zheng Y, Slusser JR, Heisler GM, Grant RH, Xu J, He D (2004) Effects of supplementary ultraviolet-B irradiance on maize yield and qualities: a field experiment. Photochem Photobiol 80(1):127–131
Glover BJ (2000) Differentiation in plant epidermal cells. J Exp Bot 51(344):497–505
Grantz DA (2003) Ozone impacts on cotton: towards an integrated mechanism. Environ Pollut 126(3):331–344
Hamid A, Singh S, Agrawal M, Agrawal SB (2018) Heteropogon contortus BL-1 (Pill grass) and elevated UV-B radiation: The role of growth, physiological and biochemical traits in determining forage productivity and quality. Photochem Photobiol. https://doi.org/10.1111/php.12990
Hassan IA, Ashmore MR, Bell JNB (1994) Effects of O3 on the stomatal behaviour of Egyptian varieties of radish (Raphanus sativus L. cv. Baladey) and turnip (Brassica rapa L. cv. Sultani). New Phytol 128(2):243–249
Hay RK, Walker AJ (1989) Introduction to the physiology of crop yield. Longman Group Limited, Harlow, UK
Hidema J, Zhang W, Yamamoto M, Sato T, Kumagai T (2005) Changes in grain size and grain storage protein of rice (Oryza sativa L.) in response to elevated UV-B radiation under outdoor conditions. J Radiat Res 46(2):143–149
Holroyd GH, Hetherington AM, Gray JE (2002) A role for the cuticular waxes in the environmental control of stomatal development. New Phytol 153(3):433–439
Kakani VG, Reddy KR, Zhao D, Sailaja K (2003) Field crop responses to Ultraviolet-B radiation: a review. Agric For Meteorol 120(1-4):191–218
Kumari R, Agrawal SB (2011) Comparative analysis of essential oil composition and oil containing glands in Ocimum sanctum L. (Holy basil) under ambient and supplemental level of UV-B through gas chromatography–mass spectrometry and scanning electron microscopy. Acta Physiol Plant 33(4):1093–1101
Laakso K, Sullivan JH, Huttunen S (2000) The effects of UV‐B radiation on epidermal anatomy in loblolly pine (Pinus taeda L.) and Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.). Plant, Cell & Environ 23(5):461–472
Lingakumar K, Kulandaivelu G (1993) Changes induced by ultraviolet-B radiation in vegetative growth, foliar characteristics and photosynthetic activities in Vigna unguiculata. Funct Plant Biol 20(3):299–308
Liu Y, Zhong ZC (2009) Interactive effects of α-NAA and UV-B radiation on the endogenous hormone contents and growth of Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim seedlings. Acta Ecol Sin 29(4):244–248
Lowry OH, Rosebrough NJ, Farr AL, Randall RJ (1951) Protein measurement with the Folin phenol reagent. J Biol Chem 193(1):265–275
Matyssek R, Maruyama S, Boyer JS (1991) Growth‐induced water potentials may mobilize internal water for growth. Plant, Cell & Environ 14(9):917–923
Meehl GA, Stocker TF, Collins WD, Friedlingstein P, Gaye AT, Gregory JM, Kitoh A, Knutti R, Murphy JM, Noda A, Raper SCB, Watterson IG, Weaver AJ, Zhao ZC (2007) Global climate projections. In: Solomon S, Qin D, Manning M, Chen Z, Marquis M, Averyt KB, Tignor M, Miller HL (Eds) Climate Change: The Physical Science Basis. Contribution of Working Group I to the Fourth Assessment Report of the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge, United Kingdom and New York, NY, USA
McAinsh MR, Clayton H, Mansfield TA, Hetherington AM (1996) Changes in stomatal behavior and guard cell cytosolic free calcium in response to oxidative stress. Plant Physiol 111(4):1031–1042
Mohammed AR, Rounds EW, Tarpley L (2007) Response of Rice (Oryza sativa L.) Tillering to Sub‐ambient Levels of Ultraviolet‐B Radiation. J Agron Crop Sci 193(5):324–335
Moore S, Stein WH (1948) In: Colowick SP, Kaplan ND (Eds), Methods in Enzymology, vol. 3. Academic Press, New York, pp 468
O’Brien TP, McCully ME (1981) The study of plant structure: principles and selected methods. Termarcarphi Pty. Ltd, Melbourne
Ojanperä K, Sutinen S, Pleijel H, Selldén G (1992) Exposure of spring wheat, Triticum aestivum L., cv. Drabant, to different concentrations of ozone in open‐top chambers: effects on the ultrastructure of flag leaf cells. New Phytol 120(1):39–48
Omidi H, Tahmasebi Z, Badi HAN, Torabi H, Miransari M (2010) Fatty acid composition of canola (Brassica napus L.), as affected by agronomical, genotypic and environmental parameters. C R Biol 333(3):248–254
Pääkkönen E, Paasisalo S, Holopainen T, Kärenlamp L (1993) Growth and stomatal responses of birch (Betula pendula Roth.) clones to ozone in open‐air and chamber fumigations. New Phytol 125(3):615–623
Pandey AK, Ghosh A, Agrawal M, Agrawal SB (2018) Effect of elevated ozone and varying levels of soil nitrogen in two wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) cultivars: Growth, gas-exchange, antioxidant status, grain yield and quality. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 158:59–68
Parihar P, Singh S, Singh R, Singh VP, Prasad SM (2015) Changing scenario in plant UV-B research:UV-B from a generic stressor to a specific regulator J Photochem Photobiol B: Biol 153:334–343
Pell EJ, Schlagnhaufer CD, Arteca RN (1997) Ozone‐induced oxidative stress: mechanisms of action and reaction. Physiol Plant 100(2):264–273
Percy KE, Jensen KF, McQuattie CJ (1992) Effects of ozone and acidic fog on red spruce needle epicuticular wax production, chemical composition, cuticular membrane ultrastructure and needle wettability. New Phytol 122(1):71–80
Rai K, Agrawal SB (2017) Effects of UV-B radiation on morphological, physiological and biochemical aspects of plants: an overview. J Sci Res 61:87–113
Rai R, Agrawal M (2012) Impact of tropospheric ozone on crop plants. Proc Natl Acad Sci 82(2):241–257
Ranford J, Reiling K (2007) The effect of winter stress on Ilex aquifolium L. previously fumigated with ozone. Environ Pollut 145(1):171–178
Rondanini D, Savin R, Hall AJ (2003) Dynamics of fruit growth and oil quality of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) exposed to brief intervals of high temperature during grain filling. Field Crops Res 83(1):79–90
Ros J, Tevini M (1995) Interaction of UV-radiation and IAA during growth of seedlings and hypocotyl segments of sunflower. J Plant Physiol 146(3):295–302
Sahoo A, Sarkar S, Singh RP, Kafatos M, Summers ME (2005) Declining trend of total ozone column over the northern parts of India. Int J Remote Sens 26(16):3433–3440
Sarkar A, Agrawal SB (2010) Elevated ozone and two modern wheat cultivars: an assessment of dose dependent sensitivity with respect to growth, reproductive and yield parameters. Environ Exp Bot 69(3):328–337
Sharma M, Kiran YNVM, Shandilya KK (2003) Investigations into formation of atmospheric sulfate under high PM10 concentration. Atmos Environ 37(14):2005–2013
Shi G, Yang L, Wang Y, Kobayashi K, Zhu J, Tang H, Pan S, Chen T, Liu G, Wang Y (2009) Impact of elevated ozone concentration on yield of four Chinese rice cultivars under fully open-air field conditions. Agric Ecosyst Environ 131(3-4):178–184
Singh P, Agrawal M, Agrawal SB (2009) Evaluation of physiological, growth and yield responses of a tropical oil crop (Brassica campestris L. var. Kranti) under ambient ozone pollution at varying NPK levels. Environ Pollut 157(3):871–880
Singh S, Agrawal SB, Singh P, Agrawal M (2010) Screening three cultivars of Vigna mungo L. against ozone by application of ethylenediurea (EDU). Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 73(7):1765–1775
Singh SK, Surabhi GK, Gao W, Reddy KR (2008) Assessing genotypic variability of cowpea (Vigna unguiculata [L.] Walp.) to current and projected ultraviolet-B radiation. J Photochem Photobiol B: Biol 93(2):71–81
Singh AA, Fatima A, Mishra AK, Chaudhary N, Mukherjee A, Agrawal M, Agrawal SB (2018) Assessment of ozone toxicity among 14 Indian wheat cultivars under field conditions: growth and productivity. Environ Monit Assess 190(4):190
Singh S, Agrawal M, Agrawal SB (2013) Differential sensitivity of spinach and amaranthus to enhanced UV-B at varying soil nutrient levels: association with gas exchange, UV-B-absorbing compounds and membrane damage. Photosynth Res 115(2-3):123–138
Singh AA, Agrawal SB, Shahi JP, Agrawal M (2014) Assessment of growth and yield losses in two Zea mays L. cultivars (quality protein maize and nonquality protein maize) under projected levels of ozone. Environ Sci Pollut Res 21(4):2628–2641
Solomon S, Qin D, Manning M, Marquis M, Averyt K, Tignor MMB, Miller HL, Chen Z (2007) Climate change 2007 the physical science basis part of the working group I contribution to the fourth assessment report of the Intergovernmental panel on climate change
Stadler LJ, Uber FM (1942) Genetic effects of ultraviolet radiation in maize. IV. Comparison of monochromatic radiations. Genetics 27(1):84–118
Steer BT, Seiler GJ (1990) Changes in fatty acid composition of sunflower (Helianthus annuus) seeds in response to time of nitrogen application, supply rates and defoliation. J Sci Food Agric 51(1):11–26
Strack D, Heilemann J, Wray V, Dirks H (1989) Structures and accumulation patterns of soluble and insoluble phenolics from Norway spruce needles. Phytochemistry 28(8):2071–2078
Takshak S, Agrawal SB (2014) Effect of ultraviolet-B radiation on biomass production, lipid peroxidation, reactive oxygen species, and antioxidants in Withania somnifera. Biol Plant 58(2):328–334
Takshak S, Agrawal SB (2016) The role of supplemental ultraviolet-B radiation in altering the metabolite profile, essential oil content and composition, and free radical scavenging activities of Coleus forskohlii, an indigenous medicinal plant. Environ Sci Pollut Res 23(8):7324–7337
Tandon A, Attri AK (2011) Trends in total ozone column over India: 1979–2008. Atmos Environ 45(9):1648–1654
Tripathi R, Agrawal SB (2012) Effects of ambient and elevated level of ozone on Brassica campestris L. with special reference to yield and oil quality parameters. Ecotoxicol Environ Saf 85:1–12
Tripathi R, Sarkar A, Pandey Rai S, Agrawal SB (2011) Supplemental ultraviolet‐B and ozone: impact on antioxidants, proteome and genome of linseed (Linum usitatissimum L. cv. Padmini). Plant Biol 13(1):93–104
Tripathi R, Agrawal SB (2013) Interactive effect of supplemental ultraviolet B and elevated ozone on seed yield and oil quality of two cultivars of linseed (Linum usitatissimum L.) carried out in open top chambers. J Sci Food Agric 93(5):1016–1025
Vingarazan R (2004) A review of surface ozone background levels and trends. Atmos Environ 38(21):3431–3442
Yamasaki S, Noguchi N, Mimaki K (2007) Continuous UV-B irradiation induces morphological changes and the accumulation of polyphenolic compounds on the surface of cucumber cotyledons. J Radiat Res 48(6):443–454
Yao Y, Xuan Z, Li Y, He Y, Korpelainen H, Li C (2006) Effects of ultraviolet-B radiation on crop growth, development, yield and leaf pigment concentration of tartary buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum) under field conditions. Eur J Agron 25(3):215–222
Yin LN, Wang SW (2012) Modulated increased UV-B radiation affects crop growth and grain yield and quality of maize in the field. Photosynthetica 50(4):595–601
Yuan L, Yanqun Z, Jianjun C, Haiyan C (2002) Intraspecific responses in crop growth and yield of 20 soybean cultivars to enhanced ultraviolet-B radiation under field conditions. Field Crops Res 78(1):1–8
Yuan L, Ming Y, Xunling W (1998) Effects of enhanced ultraviolet-B radiation on crop structure, growth and yield components of spring wheat under field conditions. Field Crops Res 57(3):253–263
Zouzoulas D, Koutroubas SD, Vassiliou G, Vardavakis E (2009) Effects of ozone fumigation on cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.) morphology, anatomy, physiology, yield and qualitative characteristics of fibers. Environ Exp Bot 67(1):293–303
Acknowledgements
The authors are very grateful to the Head, Department of Botany, Banaras Hindu University, Co-ordinator, Centre for advanced study in Botany, FIST (DST), DST (Purse), UPE (UGC) and CSIR, New Delhi for financial support and laboratory facilities.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Ethics declarations
Conflict of interest
The authors declare that they have no conflict of interest.
Additional information
Publisher’s note: Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Tripathi, R., Rai, K., Singh, S. et al. Role of supplemental UV-B in changing the level of ozone toxicity in two cultivars of sunflower: growth, seed yield and oil quality. Ecotoxicology 28, 277–293 (2019). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10646-019-02020-6
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10646-019-02020-6