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Comparative analysis of intraperitoneal minimal free cancer cells between colorectal and gastric cancer patients using quantitative RT-PCR: possible reason for rare peritoneal recurrence in colorectal cancer

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Abstract

Peritoneal recurrence has a much lower incidence in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients than gastric cancer (GC) patients. The aim of this study is to clarify the reason for the rare peritoneal recurrence in CRC as compared with GC. The incidence and the abundance of free tumor cells in the peritoneal lavages from 102 CRC and 126 GC patients who underwent curative surgery were assessed by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) with carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) and cytokeratin 20 (CK20) as genetic markers. Prognostic significance of CEA and CK20 mRNA was also compared between CRC and GC after 2 years of follow-up by Kaplan–Meyer method with overall and peritoneal recurrence-free survival as endpoints. Positivity rate and average values of CEA and CK20 mRNA in peritoneal lavages of CRC patients, which are correlated to the depth of tumor invasion (pT category), were essentially the same as those of GC cases. Overall survival was significantly (marginally) worse in CEA mRNA (CK20 mRNA)-positive CRC patients than negatives like GC. However, peritoneal recurrence-free survival was not different between CEA (CK20) mRNA-positive and -negative CRC patients, in quite contrast to GC cases. Multivariate analysis showed that CEA mRNA was an independent prognostic factor for overall survival in GC patients, but not in CRC patients. These results suggest that the rare peritoneal recurrence in CRC patients is not due to the low incidence or the small number of intraperitoneal free cancer cells, but more likely reflects due to the low-peritoneal metastatic potential of CRC cells.

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Abbreviations

RT-PCR:

Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction

qRT-PCR:

Quantitative RT-PCR

GC:

Gastric cancer

CRC:

Colorectal cancer

CEA:

Carcinoembryonic antigen

CK20:

Cytokeratin 20

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Acknowledgments

The authors thank Mrs. N. Imai for expert technical assistance. This work was supported in part by a grant from the Ministry of Health, Labor, and Welfare, Japan and Ministry of Education, Science, Sports, Culture, and Technology, Japan.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Division of Oncological Pathology, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, 1-1 Kanokoden, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi, 464-8681, Japan

    Masayasu Hara, Hayao Nakanishi & Masae Tatematsu

  2. Department of Gastroenterological Surgery, Aichi Cancer Center Central Hospital, Nagoya, Japan

    Masayasu Hara, Yukihide Kanemitsu, Seiji Ito, Yoshinari Mochizuki, Yoshitaka Yamamura, Takashi Hirai & Tomoyuki Kato

  3. Department of Colorectal Cancer, Zhejiang Cancer Center, Hangzhou, China

    Qian Jun

  4. Department of Surgery II, Nogoya University School of Medicine, Nagoya, Japan

    Yasuhiro Kodera

Authors
  1. Masayasu Hara
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  2. Hayao Nakanishi
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  3. Qian Jun
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  4. Yukihide Kanemitsu
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  5. Seiji Ito
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  6. Yoshinari Mochizuki
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  7. Yoshitaka Yamamura
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  8. Yasuhiro Kodera
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  9. Masae Tatematsu
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  11. Tomoyuki Kato
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Correspondence to Hayao Nakanishi.

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Hara, M., Nakanishi, H., Jun, Q. et al. Comparative analysis of intraperitoneal minimal free cancer cells between colorectal and gastric cancer patients using quantitative RT-PCR: possible reason for rare peritoneal recurrence in colorectal cancer. Clin Exp Metastasis 24, 179–189 (2007). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10585-007-9067-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10585-007-9067-9

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