Abstract
Inconsistent results of the association between severe psychiatric disorders (SPD) in parents and the risk of disruptive behavioral disorders (DBD) including conduct disorders (CD) and oppositional defiant disorders (ODD) in the offspring have been found by previous epidemiologic studies. PubMed, EMBASE, PsycINFO, and Scopus were searched for relevant studies. Fourteen studies met the predefined criteria for inclusion. A meta-analysis of the included studies revealed an elevated risk of DBD in the offspring of parents with SPD, bipolar, and depressive disorders. Our further analysis considering the specific DBD as an outcome showed that parents with SPD are at an increased risk of having a child with ODD as well as CD. Moreover, the current meta-analysis found that the children of parents with bipolar disorder were also at increased risk of ODD and CD. Parental schizophrenia and depressive disorders were not associated with higher risks of ODD and CD in the offspring.
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Abbreviations
- BD:
-
Bipolar disorder
- CES-D:
-
Center for epidemiologic studies depression scale
- CD:
-
Conduct disorder
- DBD:
-
Disruptive behavioural disorder
- DSM-III:
-
Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM), third edition
- DSM-IV:
-
Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (DSM), fourth edition
- FEM:
-
Fixed effect model
- ICD:
-
International classification of disease
- K-SADS:
-
Kiddie schedule for affective disorders
- MDD:
-
Major depressive disorders
- ODD:
-
Oppositional defiant disorder
- OR:
-
Odds ratio
- RR:
-
Relative RISK
- SPD:
-
Severe psychiatric disorder
- REM:
-
Random effect model
- UK:
-
United Kingdom
- USA:
-
United States of America
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Acknowledgements
We are grateful to the University of Queensland and Curtin University for providing us a wide range of available online databases.
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GA conceptualized the study, developed the methodology, identified all potential studies, abstracted the data, evaluated the quality of the studies, performed the analysis, and developed the first draft of the manuscript. JCM abstracted the data and evaluated quality. KB reviewed the draft of the manuscript and the analysis. RA reviewed the designed protocol, reviewed data abstraction, and analysis and contributed to the development of the subsequent manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
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Ayano, G., Betts, K., Maravilla, J.C. et al. A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of the Risk of Disruptive Behavioral Disorders in the Offspring of Parents with Severe Psychiatric Disorders. Child Psychiatry Hum Dev 52, 77–95 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10578-020-00989-4
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10578-020-00989-4