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Polysaccharides, as biological macromolecule-based scaffolding systems in heart valve tissue engineering: a review

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Abstract

Valvular heart disease is a major clinical challenge with significant morbidity and mortality rate. Generally, valve repair is advantageous over replacement, however most of these valves are impossible to repair. Donor shortage has resulted in long waiting lists, and the need for heart valve replacement is estimated to triple in the coming years. In addition, the use of mechanical and bioprosthetic heart valves is associated with several challenges such as thrombogenicity, short durability, and the need for repeated surgeries for valve replacement. Heart valve tissue engineering (HVTE) has recently offered new solutions to address these shortcomings. In this endeavour, material selection and optimization are of vital importance. Among different scaffolding biomaterials, the appeal of polysaccharides in HVTE is on the rise. Due to their excellent biocompatibility, tailorable properties, low cost, and availability, these biomaterials have been widely explored as scaffolding systems for HVTE. The current review will discuss applications, challenges, and future perspectives of these biomaterials in HVTE.

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Acknowledgments

The authors extend their appreciation to the Deputyship for Research & Innovation, Ministry of Education in Saudi Arabia for funding this research work through the project number (IF-PSAU-2021/03/18840).

Funding

This study was supported by Deputyship for Research & Innovation, Ministry of Education in Saudi Arabia through the Project No. (IF-PSAU-2021/03/18840).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Health and Rehabilitation Sciences, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia

    Walid Kamal Abdelbasset, Saud M. Alrawaili & Ahmed M. Osailan

  2. Department of Physical Therapy, Kasr Al-Aini Hospital, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt

    Walid Kamal Abdelbasset

  3. Department of Physical Therapy, College of Applied Medical Sciences, University of Ha’il, Ha’il, Saudi Arabia

    Ahmed Abdelmoniem Ibrahim

  4. Department of Physical Therapy and Health Rehabilitation, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Jouf University, Al-Qurayyat, Saudi Arabia

    Gaber S. Soliman

  5. Department of Surgery, College of Medicine, Prince Sattam Bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia

    Ahmed M. Abodonya

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  1. Walid Kamal Abdelbasset
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  2. Saud M. Alrawaili
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  3. Ahmed M. Osailan
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  4. Ahmed Abdelmoniem Ibrahim
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  5. Gaber S. Soliman
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  6. Ahmed M. Abodonya
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Contributions

All authors contributed to the study conception and design. Data collection, resources and analysis were performed by SMA, AMO, AAI, GSS and AMA. The first draft of the manuscript was written by WKA, AMO and SMA. And all authors commented on previous versions of the manuscript. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.

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Correspondence to Walid Kamal Abdelbasset.

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Abdelbasset, W.K., Alrawaili, S.M., Osailan, A.M. et al. Polysaccharides, as biological macromolecule-based scaffolding systems in heart valve tissue engineering: a review. Cellulose 29, 5395–5428 (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10570-022-04588-5

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