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Intake of dietary carbohydrates in early adulthood and adolescence and breast density among young women

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Abstract

Purpose

Carbohydrate intake increases postprandial insulin secretion and may affect breast density, a strong risk factor for breast cancer, early in life. We examined associations of adolescent and early adulthood intakes of total carbohydrates, glycemic index/load, fiber, and simple sugars with breast density among 182 young women.

Methods

Diet was assessed using three 24-h recalls at each of five Dietary Intervention Study in Children (DISC) clinic visits when participants were age 10–19 years and at the DISC06 Follow-Up Study clinic visit when participants were age 25–29 years. Associations between energy-adjusted carbohydrates and MRI-measured percent dense breast volume (%DBV) and absolute dense breast volume (ADBV) at 25–29 years were quantified using multivariable-adjusted mixed-effects linear models.

Results

Adolescent sucrose intakes and premenarcheal total carbohydrates intakes were modestly associated with higher %DBV (mean %DBVQ1 vs Q4, 16.6 vs 23.5% for sucrose; and 17.2 vs 22.3% for premenarcheal total carbohydrates, all Ptrend ≤ 0.02), but not with ADBV. However, adolescent intakes of fiber and fructose were not associated with %DBV and ADBV. Early adulthood intakes of total carbohydrates, glycemic index/load, fiber, and simple sugars were not associated with %DBV and ADBV.

Conclusions

Insulinemic carbohydrate diet during puberty may be associated with adulthood breast density, but our findings need replication in larger studies. Clinical Trials Registration ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier, NCT00458588 April 9, 2007; NCT00000459 October 27, 1999

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Abbreviations

ADBV:

Absolute dense breast volume;

ANDBV:

Absolute non-dense breast volume

BMI:

Body mass index

BRC:

Breast cancer

DEXA:

Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry

DISC:

Dietary intervention study in children

DISC06:

Dietary intervention study in children 2006 Follow-Up Study

IQR:

Interquartile range

MRI:

Magnetic resonance imaging

%DBV:

Percent dense breast volume

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Acknowledgments

This work was supported by grants from the National Cancer Institute [R01CA104670 and R03 CA167764 to J.F. Dorgan] and American Institute for Cancer Research [AICR #204113 to J.F. Dorgan] and by cooperative agreements from the National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute [U01-HL37947 to L. Van Horn, U01-HL37948 to B.A. Barton, U01-HL37954 to V.J. Stevens, U01-HL37962 to R.M. Lauer, U01-37966 to N.L. Lasser, U01-HL37975 to P.O. Kwiterovich, and U01-HL38110 to A.M. Robson].

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Howard Hall 102E, Baltimore, MD, 21201, USA

    Seungyoun Jung, Olga Goloubeva & Joanne F. Dorgan

  2. Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA

    Nola Hylton & John Shepherd

  3. Dangeard Group, Luynes, France

    Catherine Klifa

  4. Kaiser Permanente Center for Health Research, Portland, OR, USA

    Erin LeBlanc

  5. University of Hawaii Cancer Center, Honolulu, HI, USA

    John Shepherd

  6. Department of Epidemiology, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA

    Linda Snetselaar

  7. Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, USA

    Linda Van Horn

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  1. Seungyoun Jung
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Correspondence to Joanne F. Dorgan.

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Jung, S., Goloubeva, O., Hylton, N. et al. Intake of dietary carbohydrates in early adulthood and adolescence and breast density among young women. Cancer Causes Control 29, 631–642 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10552-018-1040-1

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