Abstract
The significant expansion in the use of nanoparticles and submicron particles during the last 20 years has led to increasing concern about their potential toxicity to humans and particularly their impact on male fertility. Currently, an insufficient number of studies have focused on the testicular biodistribution of particles. The aim of our study was to assess the distribution of 450 nm fluorescent particles in mouse testes after intramuscular injection. To this end, testes were removed from 5 groups of 3 mice each at 1 h (H1), 4 days (D4), 21 days (D21), 45 days (D45) and 90 days (D90) after the injection of 7.28 × 109 particles in the tibialis anterior muscles of each mouse. We examined histological sections from these samples by epifluorescence microscopy and confocal microscopy and identified testicular biodistribution of a small number of particles in groups H1, D4, D21, D45 and D90. Using CD11b immunostaining, we showed that particles were not carried into the testis by macrophages. The intratesticular repartition of particles mainly followed testicular vascularization. Finally, we found some particles in seminiferous tubules but could not determine if the blood–testis barrier was crossed.
This is a preview of subscription content, log in via an institution to check access.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
N. Asare, C. Instanes, W.J. Sandberg, M. Refsnes, P. Schwarze, M. Kruszewski, G. Brunborg, Toxicology 291, 65 (2012)
Y. Bai, Y. Zhang, J. Zhang, Q. Mu, W. Zhang, E.R. Butch, S.E. Snyder, B. Yan, Nat. Nanotechnol. 5, 683 (2010)
S.K. Balasubramanian, J. Jittiwat, J. Manikandan, C.-N. Ong, L.E. Yu, W.-Y. Ong, Biomaterials 31, 2034 (2010)
S. Ben-David Makhluf, R. Qasem, S. Rubinstein, A. Gedanken, H. Breitbart, Langmuir 22, 9480 (2006)
L. Braydich-Stolle, S. Hussain, J.J. Schlager, M.-C. Hofmann, Toxicol. Sci. 88, 412 (2005)
O.T. Bruns, H. Ittrich, K. Peldschus, M.G. Kaul, U.I. Tromsdorf, J. Lauterwasser, M.S. Nikolic, B. Mollwitz, M. Merkel, N.C. Bigall, S. Sapra, R. Reimer, H. Hohenberg, H. Weller, A. Eychmüller, G. Adam, U. Beisiegel, J. Heeren, Nat. Nanotechnol. 4, 193 (2009)
K.C. Chitra, K.R. Rao, P.P. Mathur, Asian J. Androl. 5, 203 (2003)
T. Colborn, L.E. Caroll, Hum. Ecol. Risk. Assess. 13, 1078 (2007)
M. Ema, N. Kobayashi, M. Naya, S. Hanai, J. Nakanishi, Reprod. Toxicol. 30, 343 (2010)
E. Gaffet, C. R. Phys. 12, 648 (2011)
R.D. Handy, F. Kammer, J.R. Lead, M. Hassellöv, R. Owen, M. Crane, Ecotoxicology 17, 287 (2008)
S.W. Hell, M. Dyba, S. Jakobs, Curr. Opin. Neurobiol. 14, 599 (2004)
D.A. Hume, D. Halpin, H. Charlton, S. Gordon, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 81, 4174 (1984)
W.H. De Jong, W.I. Hagens, P. Krystek, M.C. Burger, A.J.A.M. Sips, R.E. Geertsma, Biomaterials 29, 1912 (2008)
J.S. Kim, T.-J. Yoon, K.N. Yu, B.G. Kim, S.J. Park, H.W. Kim, K.H. Lee, S.B. Park, J.-K. Lee, M.H. Cho, Toxicol. Sci. 89, 338 (2006)
T. Komatsu, M. Tabata, M. Kubo-Irie, T. Shimizu, K.-I. Suzuki, Y. Nihei, K. Takeda, Toxicol. In Vitro 22, 1825 (2008)
J.-T. Kwon, S.-K. Hwang, H. Jin, D.-S. Kim, A. Minai-Tehrani, H.-J. Yoon, M. Choi, T.-J. Yoon, D.-Y. Han, Y.-W. Kang, B.-I. Yoon, J.-K. Lee, M.-H. Cho, J. Occup. Health 50, 1 (2008)
Z. Lan, W.-X. Yang, Nanomedicine (London) 7, 579 (2012)
D.P.K. Lankveld, A.G. Oomen, P. Krystek, A. Neigh, A. Troost-de Jong, C.W. Noorlander, J.C.H. Van Eijkeren, R.E. Geertsma, W.H. De Jong, Biomaterials 31, 8350 (2010)
C. Li, S. Taneda, K. Taya, G. Watanabe, X. Li, Y. Fujitani, Y. Ito, T. Nakajima, A.K. Suzuki, Inhal. Toxicol. 21, 803 (2009)
B. Lucas, C. Fields, M.-C. Hofmann, Birth Defects Res. C Embryo Today 87, 35 (2009)
A. Nemmar, H. Vanbilloen, M.F. Hoylaerts, P.H.M. Hoet, A. Verbruggen, B. Nemery, Am. J. Resp. Crit. Care Med. 164, 1665 (2001)
G. Oberdörster, J. Ferin, B.E. Lehnert, Environ. Health Perspect. 102(Suppl 5), 173 (1994)
G. Oberdörster, Z. Sharp, V. Atudorei, A. Elder, R. Gelein, A. Lunts, W. Kreyling, C. Cox, J. Toxicol. Environ. Health A 65, 1531 (2002)
M.O. Oyewumi, A. Kumar, Z. Cui, Expert Rev. Vaccines 9, 1095 (2010)
E.-J. Park, E. Bae, J. Yi, Y. Kim, K. Choi, S.H. Lee, J. Yoon, B.C. Lee, K. Park, Environ. Toxicol. Pharmacol. 30, 162 (2010)
L.J. Peek, C.R. Middaugh, C. Berkland, Adv. Drug Deliv. Rev. 60, 915 (2008)
J.R. Peralta-Videa, L. Zhao, M.L. Lopez-Moreno, G. de la Rosa, J. Hong, J.L. Gardea-Torresdey, J. Hazard. Mater. 186, 1 (2011)
D.H. Ramdhan, Y. Ito, Y. Yanagiba, N. Yamagishi, Y. Hayashi, C. Li, S. Taneda, A.K. Suzuki, G. Watanabe, K. Taya, M. Kamijima, T. Nakajima, Toxicol. Lett. 191, 103 (2009)
J.A. Schwartz, A.M. Shetty, R.E. Price, R.J. Stafford, J.C. Wang, R.K. Uthamanthil, K. Pham, R.J. McNichols, C.L. Coleman, J.D. Payne, Cancer Res. 69, 1659 (2009)
M. Singh, A. Chakrapani, D. O’Hagan, Expert Rev. Vaccines 6, 797 (2007)
V. Wiwanitkit, A. Sereemaspun, R. Rojanathanes, Fertil. Steril. 91, e7 (2009)
S. Yoshida, K. Hiyoshi, T. Ichinose, H. Takano, S. Oshio, I. Sugawara, K. Takeda, T. Shibamoto, Int. J. Androl. 32(337) (2009)
Acknowledgments
Special thanks to the members of the nephrology laboratory of Saint-Etienne north hospital, especially Brigitte Roman, for their help during slide production and to the members of the BIIGC laboratory, especially Zhiguo He, for their help with epifluorescence microscopic analysis.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Klein, JP., Boudard, D., Cadusseau, J. et al. Testicular biodistribution of 450 nm fluorescent latex particles after intramuscular injection in mice. Biomed Microdevices 15, 427–436 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10544-013-9741-4
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10544-013-9741-4