Abstract
Environmental bacterial isolates play a very important role in bioremediation of metals and toxic metalloids. A bacterial strain with high selenite (SeO32−) tolerance and reducing capability was isolated from electronic waste dump site in Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India. Based on 16 S rRNA sequencing and BLAST search, this bacterial isolate was identified as Bacillus paramycoides and designated as strain MF-14. It tolerated Sodium selenite up to 110 mM when grown aerobically in LB broth and reduced selenite into elemental selenium (Se0) significantly within 24 h with concomitant biosynthesis of selenium nanoparticles as clearly revealed by brick red precipitate and specific surface plasmon resonance peak at 210 nm using UV–Visible spectrophotometer. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis of this bacterial strain exposed to 1mM and 5 mM selenite also demonstrated morphological alterations as cell enlargement due to accumulation and bioprecipitation of elemental selenium (Se0). The FTIR analysis clearly demonstrated that functional groups present on the surface of biogenic selenium nanoparticles (SeNPs) play a significant role in the stabilization and capping of SeNPs. Furthermore, these SeNPs were characterized using spectroscopic analysis involving Dynamic light scattering, zeta potential, XPS, FTIR, XRD and Raman spectroscopy which clearly revealed particle size 10–700 nm, amorphous nature, stability as well as it’s oxidation state. The biochemical studies have demonstrated that membrane bound reductase enzyme may be responsible for significant reduction of selenite into elemental selenium. Therefore, we may employ Bacillus paramycoides strain MF-14 successfully for bioremediation of selenite contaminated environmental sites with concomitant green synthesis of SeNPs.
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Acknowledgements
Pooja Yadav and Shraddha Pandey are grateful to University Grant Commission, New Delhi for financial support as UGC Non-NET Fellowship. The authors gratefully acknowledge Distinguished Prof. L.C. Rai for providing laboratory facilities. The authors are thankful to Dr. Krishna Kumar Rai for helping in the graphical representation of data. The authors are also thankful to Department of Physics (BHU) for SEM-EDX facility and AIIMS, New Delhi for TEM and SEM facility. The authors are obliged to Department of Chemistry, BHU and Department of Chemical Engineering (IIT, BHU) for instrumentation facility. The authors are thankful to ISLS, BHU for providing Ultra-Centrifuge facility.
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The research work presented in this article is financially supported by Institution of Eminence (IOE) grant, from Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India.
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Yadav, P., Pandey, S. & Dubey, S.K. Selenite bioreduction with concomitant green synthesis of selenium nanoparticles by a selenite resistant EPS and siderophore producing terrestrial bacterium. Biometals 36, 1027–1045 (2023). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10534-023-00503-y
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10534-023-00503-y