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Anaerobic biodegradation of triphenylmethane dyes in a hybrid UASFB reactor for wastewater remediation

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Abstract

Anaerobic digestions have been proved more successful than aerobic systems for the degradation and destruction of dye-containing wastewaters. The performance of a hybrid up flow anaerobic sludge-filter bed (UASFB) reactor was tested with a synthetic wastewater containing Crystal violet (CV) as a carbon source and sodium acetate as a co-substrate. Continuous feeding of the reactor started with an initial OLR of 0.9 g COD/l-d and then it was increased step wise to 4 g COD l−1 d−1, while maintaining constant HRT (24 h). The optimum pH value and temperature for decolorization of crystal violet by this mixed culture species under anaerobic conditions were found to be 8–9 and 30–35°C respectively. N,N-dimethylaminophenol and N,N-bis (dimethylamino) benzophenone (Michler’s Ketone) were detected as the degradative metabolites of Crystal Violet. Subsequently, N,N-dimethylaminophenol was further degraded to aniline in the reactor whereas Michler’s ketone was not degraded under anaerobic conditions. The UASFB bioreactor was able to remove the CV completely up to a loading rate of 100 mg CV l−1d−1.

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Acknowledgments

The authors are thankful to the Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh (India) for providing research facilities and also thankful to the UGC (University Grants Commission) for providing financial assistance to one of the author, Pijush Kanti Mondal.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Environmental Research Laboratory, Department of Applied Chemistry, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh, 202 002, UP, India

    Pijush Kanti Mondal & Rais Ahmad

  2. Centre for Chemical Management, Lancaster Environment Centre, Lancaster University, Lancaster, LAI 4YQ, UK

    Shams Qamar Usmani

Authors
  1. Pijush Kanti Mondal
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  2. Rais Ahmad
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  3. Shams Qamar Usmani
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Correspondence to Rais Ahmad.

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Mondal, P.K., Ahmad, R. & Usmani, S.Q. Anaerobic biodegradation of triphenylmethane dyes in a hybrid UASFB reactor for wastewater remediation. Biodegradation 21, 1041–1047 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10532-010-9364-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10532-010-9364-x

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