Abstract
Objectives
Granulosa cells are associated with steroidogenesis and ovarian function in females. Aims of the study are to understand the effects of gold nanoparticles (AuNP) on steroidogenesis and apoptotic pathway associated genes in buffalo granulosa cells.
Results
The AuNP were prepared chemically and thereby characterized by transmission electron microscope (TEM) imaging, absorbance and dynamic light scattering (DLS) measurements for hydrodynamic diameter and zeta potential. The cultured buffalo granulosa cells (BGC) were co-incubated with AuNP in two concentrations (2 × 109 and 2 × 1010 AuNP/ml) for 24 h. Treatment of BGC with AuNP significantly modulated the steroidogenesis associated genes (3β-Hsd and Cyp19A1) expression and progesterone accumulation in the culture fluid. AuNP affected the apoptotic pathway in BGC by affecting the gene expression of Caspase-3, Bad and Bax. The AuNP did not exert oxidative stress through anti-oxidant induction & lipid peroxidation in the buffalo GC.
Conclusions
AuNP may modulate the endocrine system by having impact on the steroidogenesis pathway and also have the potential to affect apoptotic pathway in a buffalo granulosa cell model.
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Data availability
The data generated during this study and supporting this study are included in this article. The dataset analyzed during the current study is available from the corresponding author on a reasonable request.
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Acknowledgements
The authors are very grateful to Director ICAR-CIRB (Hisar), ICAR-NDRI (Karnal) and ICAR-NRCE (Hisar) for providing the necessary facilities for this study. We acknowledge the NIPER, Mohali for accessing their facilities for EM imaging and EDX.
Funding
This work was supported by the [ICAR-Central institute for Research on Buffaloes, Hisar] under Grant [Project Code: IXX12688]. Facilities under [BMGF Project] under Grant [Project Code: OXX04350]; and [CABin Project] under Grant [Project Code: OXX04610] were also availed.
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VN, ELL, AB, PS, SKO, DS conceived and designed the experiments; ELL, VN, MV, SK, TB, JD, SP performed the experiments or assisted in the experiments; ELL, VN, MV analyzed the data; VN, AB, SKO, PS and DS contributed reagents/materials/analysis tools; ELL and VN wrote the paper. All authors read and approved the final manuscript.
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Lyngdoh, E.L., Nayan, V., Vashisht, M. et al. Gold nanoparticles modulate the steroidogenic and apoptotic pathway in a buffalo granulosa cell model. Biotechnol Lett 42, 1383–1395 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10529-020-02896-z
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DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10529-020-02896-z