Abstract
An individual-based model for Sparus aurata was developed, taking into account the effects on the growth rate of water temperature, food availability and diet composition. The model was identified on the basis of the recent literature regarding the physiological ecology of this species. It was subsequently calibrated and validated by using original field data collected at two Italian fish farms located, respectively, in the Adriatic and Tyrrhenian Seas. The mass budget of uneaten food and faeces was computed using the model at each farm: the optimal ingestion rate of a fish was computed based on its wet weight and the temperature of the water, while the faeces estimation considered the different digestibility of lipids, carbohydrates and proteins in the diet. From an applied perspective, the future use of this growth model in relation to mariculture site selection and monitoring might typically be to estimate both the yield and the amount of uneaten food and faeces discharged from a fish cage. This second output represents a useful input for deposition models which are routinely used in the field of mariculture monitoring by different EU countries. The integration of growth and deposition models in a single system could provide a useful tool for the site-selection and monitoring of finfish mariculture operations in Mediterranean environments.
Similar content being viewed by others
References
Brafield AE, Solomon DJ (1972) Oxycaloric coefficients for animals respiring nitrogenous substrates. Comp Biochem Physiol Physiol 43:837–841. doi:10.1016/0300-9629(72)90155-7
Brett JR, Groves TDD (1979) Physiological energetics. In: Hoar WS, Randall DJ, Brett JR (eds) Fish physiology, vol 8. Academic Press, New York, pp 279–353
Cacho OJ (1990) Protein and fat dynamics in fish. A bioenergetic model applied to aquaculture. Ecol Modell 50:33–56. doi:10.1016/0304-3800(90)90041-E
Cromey CJ, Nickell TD, Black KD (2002) DEPOMOD—modelling the deposition and biological effects of waste solids from marine cage farms. Aquaculture 214:211–239. doi:10.1016/S0044-8486(02)00368-X
Ervik A, Hansen PK, Aure J, Stigebrandt A, Johannessen P, Jahnsen T (1997) Regulating the local environmental impact of intensive marine fish farming I. The concept of the MOM system (Modelling–Ongrowing fish farms–Monitoring). Aquaculture 158:85–94. doi:10.1016/S0044-8486(97)00186-5
FAO (2007) Fishstat+ v2.3, Aquaculture production: quantities 1950–2005. http://www.fao.org/fishery/topic/16073. Cited 20 March 2008
Guinea J, Fernandez F (1997) Effect of feeding frequency, feeding level and temperature on energy metabolism in Sparus aurata. Aquaculture 148:125–142. doi:10.1016/S0044-8486(96)01424-X
Hansen PK, Ervik A, Schaanning M, Johannessen P, Aure J, Jahnsen T, Stigebrandt A (2001) Regulating the local environmental impact of intensive, marine fish farming II. The monitoring programme of the MOM system (Modelling–Ongrowing fish farms–Monitoring). Aquaculture 194:75–92. doi:10.1016/S0044-8486(00)00520-2
Hernández JM, Gasca-Leyva E, Leónc CJ, Vergara JM (2003) A growth model for gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata). Ecol Modell 165:265–283. doi:10.1016/S0304-3800(03)00095-4
Jorgensen SE (1976) A model of fish growth. Ecol Modell 2:303–313. doi:10.1016/0304-3800(76)90013-2
Jusup M, Gecek S, Legovic T (2007) Impact of aquacultures on the marine ecosystem: modelling benthic carbon loading over variable depth. Ecol Modell 200:459–466. doi:10.1016/j.ecolmodel.2006.08.007
Lupatsch I, Kissil GW, Sklan D, Pfeffer E (1997) Apparent digestibility coefficients of feed ingredients and their predictability in compound diets for gilthead seabream, Sparus aurata L. Aquac Nutr 3:81–89. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2095.1997.00076.x
Lupatsch I, Kissil GW, Sklan D (2003) Defining energy and protein requirements of gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata) to optimize feeds and feeding regimes. Isr J Aquac Bamidgeh 55:243–257
Meramed (2008) MERAMED development of monitoring guidelines and modelling tools for environmental effects from Mediterranean aquaculture, FP5 EU funded project. http://meramed.akvaplan.com. Cited 20 March
Porrello S, Tomassetti P, Manzueto L, Finoia MG, Persia E, Mercatali I, Stipa P (2005) The influence of marine cages on the sediment chemistry in the western Mediterranean Sea. Aquaculture 249:145–158. doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2005.02.042
Press WH, Flannery BP, Teukolsky SA, Vetterling WT (1987) Numerical recipes, the art of scientific computing. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge
Ravagnan G (1984) L’élevage du loup et de la daurade en valliculture. In: Barnab G, Billard R (eds) L’Aquaculture Du Bar Et Des Sparidés. INRA, Paris, pp 435–446
Ravagnan G (1995) Manuale di acquacoltura costiera. Consorzio per l’ecologia e l’acquacoltura costiera (in Italian)
Requena A, Fernandez-Borras J, Planas J (1997) The effects of temperature rise on oxygen consumption and energy budget in gilthead sea bream. Aquacult Int 5:415–426. doi:10.1023/A:1018332727888
Robaina L, Izquierdo MS, Moyano FJ, Socorro J, Vergara JM, Montero D, Fernandez-Palacios H (1995) Soybean and lupin seed meals as protein sources in diets for gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata): nutritional and histological implications. Aquaculture 130:219–233. doi:10.1016/0044-8486(94)00225-D
Santinha PJM, Medale F, Corraze G, Gomes EFS (1999) Effects of the dietary protein: lipid ratio on growth and nutrient utilization in gilthead seabream (Sparus aurata L.). Aquac Nutr 5:147–156. doi:10.1046/j.1365-2095.1999.00107.x
Solidoro C, Pastres R, Melaku Canu C, Pellizzato M, Rossi R (2000) Modelling the growth of Tapes philippinarum in northern Adriatic lagoons. Mar Ecol Prog Ser 199:137–148. doi:10.3354/meps199137
Stigebrandt A (1999) Turnover of energy and matter by fish—a general model with application to salmon. Fisken and Havet No. 5. Institute of Marine Research, Norway
Stigebrandt A, Aure J, Ervik A, Hansen PK (2004) Regulating the local environmental impact of intensive marine fish farming III. A model for estimation of the holding capacity in the Modelling–Ongrowing Fish Farm–Monitoring System. Aquaculture 234:239–261. doi:10.1016/j.aquaculture.2003.11.029
Acknowledgments
This work was partially funded by EU project no. 006540 (ECASA, http://www.ecasa.org.uk). The authors would like to thank Dr. Simone Libralato at OGS Trieste for the help given in the early stages of the model development. The authors would also like to thank the personnel at “Il Vigneto” farm in Porto Ercole and the “Co. Pro. Mar.” farm in Bisceglie for actively collaborating in carrying out the field work.
Author information
Authors and Affiliations
Corresponding author
Rights and permissions
About this article
Cite this article
Brigolin, D., Pastres, R., Tomassetti, P. et al. Modelling the biomass yield and the impact of seabream mariculture in the Adriatic and Tyrrhenian Seas (Italy). Aquacult Int 18, 149–163 (2010). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10499-008-9232-4
Received:
Accepted:
Published:
Issue Date:
DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10499-008-9232-4