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Evaluating the Completeness of HIV Surveillance Using Capture–Recapture Models, Alameda County, California

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Abstract

HIV prevalence in Alameda County (including Oakland) is among the highest in California, yet the case registry may under-appreciate the full burden of disease. Using lists from health care facilities serving socioeconomically diverse populations and the HIV surveillance list, we applied capture–recapture methods to evaluate the completeness of the surveillance system by estimating the number of diagnosed people living with HIV and seeking care in Alameda County in 2013. Of the 5376 unique individuals reported from the lists, 397 were missing from the surveillance list. Models projected the total population size to be 5720 (95% CI 5587–6190), estimating the surveillance system as 87% complete. Subgroup analyses identified groups facing a disproportionate burden of HIV as more likely to be detected by the surveillance list. The Alameda County HIV surveillance system reports a high proportion of persons diagnosed with HIV within the jurisdiction. Capture–recapture analysis can help track progress towards maximizing engagement in HIV care.

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Acknowledgements

We would like to thank the scientists at the Human Rights Data Analysis Group for their guidance in implementing the DGA model for the Bayesian analysis.

Funding

This research was supported by Grant T32 MH19105 from the National Institutes of Mental Health of the U.S. Public Health Service.

Author information

Authors and Affiliations

  1. University of California, Berkeley, Berkeley, USA

    Paul Wesson & Arthur Reingold

  2. Alameda County Public Health Department, Oakland, USA

    Richard Lechtenberg & Neena Murgai

  3. University of California, San Francisco, Center for AIDS Prevention Studies/Prevention Research Center, 550 16th St., 3rd Floor, San Francisco, CA, 94158, USA

    Paul Wesson & Willi McFarland

  4. San Francisco Department of Public Health, San Francisco, USA

    Willi McFarland

Authors
  1. Paul Wesson
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  2. Richard Lechtenberg
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  3. Arthur Reingold
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  4. Willi McFarland
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  5. Neena Murgai
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Correspondence to Paul Wesson.

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All procedures performed in studies involving human participants were in accordance with the ethical standards of the institutional and/or national research committee and with the 1964 Helsinki declaration and its later amendments or comparable ethical standards. For this type of study formal consent is not required.

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Wesson, P., Lechtenberg, R., Reingold, A. et al. Evaluating the Completeness of HIV Surveillance Using Capture–Recapture Models, Alameda County, California. AIDS Behav 22, 2248–2257 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-017-1883-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10461-017-1883-6

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