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The effects of turbidity on prey consumption and selection of zooplanktivorous Gasterosteus aculeatus L.

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Abstract

It is well documented that reduced visibility caused by elevated turbidity can affect feeding of fish, yet the extent to which selective zooplanktivory is altered in turbid conditions remains ambiguous. In this study, we examined the influence of natural sediment-induced turbidity on the overall prey consumption and selective predation of a common brackish water littoral zooplanktivore, the particulate feeding three-spined stickleback (Gasterosteus aculeatus L.). We hypothesized that the effects of turbidity on prey consumption and prey type selection would be pronounced due to the vision-oriented feeding of this species and that these effects would differ between genders. Using aquarium experiments with three different groups of cladocerans and copepods varying in size and behavior, we studied prey consumption and selectivity of this key planktivore in varying turbidity treatments. Our results indicated significantly decreased total prey consumption in the high turbidity treatments, as well as altered selective feeding on copepods and an enhanced preference for larger cladocerans. We found gender-dependent differences in prey consumption, which are consistent with observations of other visually feeding fish with sexual size dimorphism. We conclude that high turbidity, such as that occurring in shallow coastal areas, may affect selective feeding in vision-oriented zooplanktivores and that these effects may be gender-related.

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Acknowledgments

We wish to thank the staff at Tvärminne Zoological Station for providing excellent laboratory facilities and equipment, and R Vidal and Y Vatageot for valuable assistance. Walter and Andrée de Nottbeck Foundation (LH and JB) and Victoriastiftelsen (JB) are acknowledged for financial support. This study complies with current Finnish laws.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, P.O. Box 65, 00014, Helsinki, Finland

    Laura K. Helenius, Janica P. G. Borg, Leena Nurminen, Elina Leskinen & Hannu Lehtonen

  2. Tvärminne Zoological Station, University of Helsinki, J. A. Palméns väg 260, 10900, Hanko, Finland

    Laura K. Helenius & Janica P. G. Borg

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  1. Laura K. Helenius
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  2. Janica P. G. Borg
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Correspondence to Laura K. Helenius.

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Helenius, L.K., Borg, J.P.G., Nurminen, L. et al. The effects of turbidity on prey consumption and selection of zooplanktivorous Gasterosteus aculeatus L.. Aquat Ecol 47, 349–356 (2013). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10452-013-9448-x

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10452-013-9448-x

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