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The Development of a Four-Electrode Bio-Impedance Sensor for Identification and Localization of Deep Pulmonary Nodules

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Abstract

Identifying and localizing of deep pulmonary nodules are among the main challenges that thoracic surgeons face during operations, particularly in thoracoscopic procedures. To facilitate this, we have tried to introduce a non-invasive and safe method by measuring the lung electrical bio-impedance spectrum with a four-electrode array sensor. To study the feasibility of this method, since any change in the depth or diameter of the nodule in the lung tissue is not practical, we used the finite element modeling of the lung tissue and pulmonary nodule to allow changes in the depth and diameter of the nodule, as well as the distance in between the injection electrodes. Accordingly, a bio-impedance sensor was designed and fabricated. By measuring the electrical impedance spectrum of pulmonary tissues in four different specimens with a frequency band of 50 kHz to 5 MHz, 4 pulmonary nodules at four different depths were identified. The obtained bio-impedance spectrum from the lung surface showed that the magnitude and phase of electrical bio-impedance of the tumoral tissue at each frequency is smaller than that of the healthy tissue. In addition, the frequency characteristic varies in the Nyquist curves for tumoral and healthy lung tissues.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Biomedical Engineering, Amirkabir University of Technology, 15875-4413, Tehran, Iran

    Rasool Baghbani & Mohammad Hassan Moradi

  2. Department of Thoracic Surgery, Tracheal Diseases Research Center (TDRC), National Research Institute of Tuberculosis and Lung Diseases (NRITLD), Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran

    Mohammad Behgam Shadmehr

Authors
  1. Rasool Baghbani
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  2. Mohammad Hassan Moradi
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  3. Mohammad Behgam Shadmehr
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Correspondence to Mohammad Hassan Moradi.

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Associate Editor Arash Kheradvar oversaw the review of this article.

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Baghbani, R., Moradi, M.H. & Shadmehr, M.B. The Development of a Four-Electrode Bio-Impedance Sensor for Identification and Localization of Deep Pulmonary Nodules. Ann Biomed Eng 46, 1079–1090 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10439-018-2032-8

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10439-018-2032-8

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