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Current status and future perspective of sonodynamic therapy for cancer

  • Special Feature: Review Article
  • Cutting-edge therapeutic ultrasound-its basic and clinical medicine; the spread of ultrasound-based theranostics
  • Published:
Journal of Medical Ultrasonics Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

There is a tremendous need for prevention and effective treatment of cancer due to the associated morbidity and mortality. In this study, we introduce sonodynamic therapy (SDT), which is expected to be a new cancer treatment modality. SDT is a promising option for minimally invasive treatment of solid tumors and comprises three different components: sonosensitizers, ultrasound, and molecular oxygen. These components are harmless individually, but in combination they generate cytotoxic reactive oxygen species (ROS). We will explore the molecular mechanism by which SDT kills cancer cells, the class of sonosensitizers, drug delivery methods, and in vitro and in vivo studies. At the same time, we will highlight clinical applications for cancer treatment. The progress of SDT research suggests that it has the potential to become an advanced field of cancer treatment in clinical application. In this article, we will focus on the mechanism of action of SDT and its application to cancer treatment, and explain key factors to aid in developing strategies for future SDT development.

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Abbreviations

SDT:

Sonodynamic therapy

ROS:

Reactive oxygen species

US:

Ultrasound

PDT:

Photodynamic therapy

HIFU:

High-intensity focused US

SL:

Sonoluminescence

O2 − :

Superoxides

1O2 :

Singlet oxygen

⋅OH:

Hydroxyl radicals:

Hp:

Hematoporphyrin

HMME:

Hematoporphyrin monomethyl ether

PpIX:

Protoporphyrin IX

Ce6:

Chlorine-e6

5-ALA:

5-Aminolevulinic acid

EB:

Erythrosin B

RB:

Rose bengal

NSAIDs:

Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs

TiO2 :

Titanium oxide

SiO2 :

Silicon oxide

EPR:

Enhanced permeation and retention

DOX:

Doxorubicin

CsA:

Cyclosporine A

ADM:

Adriamycin

SF1:

Sonoflora 1

GcMAF:

Gc protein-derived macrophage-activating factor

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Acknowledgements

We would like to thank Prof. Yoshihiro Muragaki at Tokyo Woman Medical University, Faculty of Advanced Techno-Surgery, and Prof. Shin Yoshizawa and Prof. Shinichiro Umemura at Tohoku University, Graduate School of Biomedical Engineering. We would like to also thank Editage (www.editage.com) for English language editing.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Tokyo Medical University, 6-7-1 Nishishinjuku Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 160-0023, Japan

    Atsushi Sofuni & Takao Itoi

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  1. Atsushi Sofuni
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  2. Takao Itoi
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Conceptualization, A.S.; data curation, A.S.; investigation, A.S.; supervision, T.I.; validation, A.T. and T.I.; writing—original draft, A.S.; writing—review and editing, A.S. All the authors have read and agreed to the published version of the manuscript.

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Correspondence to Atsushi Sofuni.

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Atsushi Sofuni and Takao Itoi declare that they have no conflicts of interest.

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All procedures followed were in accordance with the ethical standards of the responsible committee on human experimentation (institutional and national) and with the Helsinki Declaration of 1964 and later versions. Informed consent was obtained from all the patients for being included in the study.

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Sofuni, A., Itoi, T. Current status and future perspective of sonodynamic therapy for cancer. J Med Ultrasonics (2022). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10396-022-01263-x

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