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Characteristic of slow growth in cell culture of adenovirus type 54 causing nationwide outbreak epidemic keratoconjunctivitis in Japan

  • Laboratory Investigation
  • Published:
Japanese Journal of Ophthalmology Aims and scope Submit manuscript

Abstract

Purpose

To characterize the virological features of adenovirus type 54 (Ad54) causing nationwide outbreak of severe epidemic keratoconjunctivitis (EKC) in Japan, we comparatively analysed the viral propagation phenotype of Ad54 and other Ads: type 37 (Ad37), 64 (Ad64), and 5 (Ad5), in A549 cells quantitatively.

Study design

Laboratory investigation.

Methods

We compared the growth rate of Ads using copy numbers and cytopathic effect observation during propagation in A549 cell lines. Expressions of mRNA of E1 gene were also calculated and compared. Phylogenetic analysis of the region, including putative promoter of E1 gene and E1 open reading frame (ORF), were performed.

Results

Increases in viral loads, growth rate, and viral propagation were slower for Ad54 than for other Ads. The expression level of the E1 gene per infected cell was lower for Ad54 than for other Ad types on post-infection day 1. Phylogenetic analysis of the E1 gene putative promoter and ORF revealed Ad54 was the closest to Ad type 8.

Conclusion

The propagation of Ad54 in A549 is slow compared with Ad37, Ad64 and Ad5. This slow propagation could have been caused by slow genomic replication resulting from delayed viral entry or E1 transcription initiation. The EKC caused by Ad54 needs more attention because the slow propagation of Ad54 may contribute to prolonged disease duration.

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Acknowledgements

The authors would like to thank Enago (www.enago.jp) for the English language review. This study was partly supported by a Ministry of Health, Labor and Welfare Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research (10110713).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Department of Ophthalmology, Fukuoka University School of Medicine, 7-45-1 Nanakuma, Jonan-ku, Fukuoka, 814-0180, Japan

    Tomoko Tsukahara-Kawamura & Eiichi Uchio

  2. Infectious Disease Surveillance Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo, 162-8640, Japan

    Tomoko Tsukahara-Kawamura, Nozomu Hanaoka, Masami Konagaya & Tsuguto Fujimoto

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  1. Tomoko Tsukahara-Kawamura
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  2. Nozomu Hanaoka
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  3. Masami Konagaya
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  4. Eiichi Uchio
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  5. Tsuguto Fujimoto
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Correspondence to Eiichi Uchio.

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T. Tsukahara-Kawamura, None; N. Hanaoka, None; M. Konagaya, None; E. Uchio, None; T. Fujimoto, None.

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Corresponding Author: Eiichi Uchio

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Tsukahara-Kawamura, T., Hanaoka, N., Konagaya, M. et al. Characteristic of slow growth in cell culture of adenovirus type 54 causing nationwide outbreak epidemic keratoconjunctivitis in Japan. Jpn J Ophthalmol 64, 312–320 (2020). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10384-020-00727-2

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10384-020-00727-2

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