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Frühsommer-Meningo-Enzephalitis (FSME) und FSME-Schutzimpfung in Österreich: Update 2014

Tick-borne encephalitis (TBE) and TBE-vaccination in Austria: Update 2014

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Zusammenfassung

Durch die erfolgreiche österreichische Impfstrategie konnte die FSME weitgehend unter Kontrolle gebracht werden. Seit vielen Jahren gibt es 50 bis 100 Erkrankungsfälle pro Jahr. Die Durchimpfungsrate der Bevölkerung liegt derzeit bei 85 %. Ein Problem stellt die „ältere“ Generation ab 40 Jahren dar, in der jedes Jahr mehr als der Hälfte der Erkrankungsfälle auftritt. Im Bundesländer – Vergleich zeigt sich, dass mittlerweile Oberösterreich und Tirol die ersten Plätze einnehmen, nachdem lange Zeit Steiermark und Kärnten die meisten Fälle verzeichnet hatten. Für die FSME gilt, wie bei Tetanus, das Prinzip der Krankheitskontrolle bzw. Krankheitseliminierung: Der Erreger kann nicht ausgerottet werden und die Impfung bewirkt einen Individualschutz, aber keine Herdenimmunität. Die beiden in Österreich verwendeten FSME-Impfstoffe haben eine hohe Effektivität zwischen 96 und 99 % gezeigt, auch bei irregulärer Impfung ist die Schutzrate mit über 90 % immer noch sehr hoch. Über 4000 verhinderte Erkrankungsfälle allein im Zeitraum 2000–2011 belegen das eindrucksvoll.

Summary

TBE is a public health problem well under control in Austria because of a mass vaccination programme. There have been 50–100 registered cases per year for many years, the vaccination rate of the population is currently 85 %. Special attention has to be given to the “older” generation 40 plus as this is the segment of the population where the majority of cases are observed annually. In comparison of the counties, Tyrol and Upper Austria finished first and second after a long time when Styria and Carynthia had observed most of the cases. For TBE applies the same as for Tetanus, namely the principle of disease control or disease elimination: The virus cannot be eliminated and vaccination provides individual protection. The both available TBE vaccines have proven to be very effective with an effectivity of 96–99 %, also when given irregular vaccinations the protection rate is still very high (>90 %). More than 4000 prevented cases between 2000 and 2011 prove this impressively.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Institut für Sozialmedizin, Zentrum für Public Health, Medizinische Universität Wien, Kinderspitalgasse 15, 1090, Wien, Österreich

    Ursula Kunze &  Gabriela Böhm

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  1. Ursula Kunze
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  2. Gabriela Böhm
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Correspondence to Ursula Kunze.

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Kunze, U., Böhm, G. Frühsommer-Meningo-Enzephalitis (FSME) und FSME-Schutzimpfung in Österreich: Update 2014. Wien Med Wochenschr 165, 290–295 (2015). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10354-015-0362-9

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10354-015-0362-9

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