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New paleobiogeographical and paleoenvironmental insight through the Tortonian brachiopod and ichnofauna assemblages from the Mediterranean-Atlantic seaway (Guadix Basin, SE Spain)

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Abstract

The paleogeography of the Late Neogene Atlantic-Mediterranean seaway via the Betic-Rifean Domain is quite complex due to the presence of several marine corridors. The study of transitional basins in these seaways is crucial to understand the configuration and evolution of the Mediterranean-Atlantic inter-connection. A mixed skeletal-siliciclastic sandstone succession located in one of these transitional areas (Guadix Basin, Southern Spain) was studied from a comprehensive paleontological standpoint focused on the main benthic assemblages (foraminifera, brachiopods, and trace fossils), integrating the data with the study of planktic foraminifera for an accurate biostratigraphic framework. Brachiopods are mostly represented by the Aphelesia-Gryphus assemblage. Two trace fossil assemblages were observed, dominated by Ophiomorpha with Bichordites (1) and Macaronichnus (2), respectively. The benthic foraminiferal assemblage is mostly represented by Planulina and Cibicides. The data gathered from the benthic communities reveal habitats with high-energy and turbulent conditions in an outer neritic-upper bathyal bathymetric range. Brachiopods from the Alicún section show a Mediterranean paleobiogeographic affinity. They were constrained in the Late Tortonian to the restricted basins of the Betic-Rifean Seaway and after the Messinian Salinity Crisis proliferated in both Mediterranean- and Atlantic-type basins of the Betic-Rifean Domain. The Guadix Basin contributed to the Mediterranean-Atlantic faunal inter-connection through the Betic-Rifean Seaway during the Late Tortonian and facilitated the earliest Pliocene expansion of brachiopods in the Mediterranean.

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Acknowledgements

This research was supported by the projects CGL2015-66835-P and CGL2015-66604-R, financed by the Spanish Ministry of Education and Science (MINECO, Government of Spain), VIGROB-167, financed by the University of Alicante, and the Hungarian Scientific Research Fund (OTKA K112708). We also gratefully acknowledge M.A. Bitner, M. Reolid, and the editor for their valuable comments and constructive reviews.

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Departamento de Ciencias de la Tierra y del Medio Ambiente, Universidad de Alicante, Apdo. 99, San Vicente del Raspeig, 03080, Alicante, Spain

    Alice Giannetti, José Francisco Baeza-Carratalá, Jesús Miguel Soria-Mingorance, José Enrique Tent-Manclús & Juan Peral-Lozano

  2. Department of Palaeontology and Geology, Hungarian Natural History Museum, P.O.B. 137, Budapest, 1431, Hungary

    Alfréd Dulai

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  1. Alice Giannetti
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  2. José Francisco Baeza-Carratalá
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Correspondence to Alice Giannetti.

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Giannetti, A., Baeza-Carratalá, J.F., Soria-Mingorance, J.M. et al. New paleobiogeographical and paleoenvironmental insight through the Tortonian brachiopod and ichnofauna assemblages from the Mediterranean-Atlantic seaway (Guadix Basin, SE Spain). Facies 64, 24 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10347-018-0536-1

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