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Response of fungal and plant communities to management-induced overstorey changes in montane forests of the Western Carpathians

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Abstract

The effect of forest management on biodiversity is a crucial issue for sustainable forestry and nature conservation. However, the ways in which management affects macrofungal and plant communities and diversity of mountain temperate forests still remain poorly understood. We performed a random sampling stratified by stand age and stand type on the sites of temperate montane fir–beech forests. Diversity of macrofungi and the vascular plant understorey in beech- and spruce-dominated managed stands was investigated and compared to primeval forests located in the Poľana Biosphere Reserve, Western Carpathians. Both the vascular plant and the macrofungal communities were altered by management, and the response of the macrofungal species (especially wood-inhabiting fungi) was more pronounced in terms of species composition change. Species turnover evaluation seems to be an important tool of forest natural status assessment, because alpha diversity did not change as much as species composition. Certain species of Carpathian primeval forests were confirmed as good indicators for natural forest change; others were proposed. Species pool and mean number of species per plot were the highest in unmanaged fir–beech forests, and species diversity significantly decreased in spruce plantations. The number of species decreased significantly due to the change of canopy tree species composition only in the macrofungal communities. As an outcome for forest management, we recommend keeping mixed forests involving all natural tree species and providing at least a minimal amount of dead wood necessary for wood-inhabiting organisms and leaving some area of unmanaged natural forests within complexes of managed stands.

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Acknowledgements

This research was supported by the Science Grant Agency of the Ministry of Education of the Slovak Republic and the Slovak Academy of Sciences VEGA, Grant Nos. 2/0039/14, 1/0639/17 and Slovak Research and Development Agency under the project APVV-15-0270 and APVV-15-0176. We also acknowledge the postdoc support of Katarína Bučinová in 2015 at the University of Vienna funded by Action Austria—Slovakia, Cooperation in Science and Education (Ministry of Education, Science, Research and Sport of the Slovak Republic and the Federal Ministry of Science, Research and Economy of the Republic of Austria).

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Authors and Affiliations

  1. Technical University in Zvolen, T.G. Masaryka 24, 96053, Zvolen, Slovakia

    Karol Ujházy, Mariana Ujházyová, Marek Čiliak & Stanislav Glejdura

  2. Institute of Forest Ecology, Slovak Academy of Sciences, Ľ. Štúra 2, 96053, Zvolen, Slovakia

    Katarína Bučinová & Ivan Mihál

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  1. Karol Ujházy
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  2. Mariana Ujházyová
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  3. Katarína Bučinová
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  4. Marek Čiliak
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  5. Stanislav Glejdura
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  6. Ivan Mihál
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Correspondence to Karol Ujházy.

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Communicated by Hans Pretzsch.

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Ujházy, K., Ujházyová, M., Bučinová, K. et al. Response of fungal and plant communities to management-induced overstorey changes in montane forests of the Western Carpathians. Eur J Forest Res 137, 169–183 (2018). https://doi.org/10.1007/s10342-017-1096-6

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  • DOI: https://doi.org/10.1007/s10342-017-1096-6

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